关键词: 狂犬病, 流行特征, 分析

Abstract:

Objective　To identify the factors driving rebound epidemic of rabies and formulate specific control measures based on analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of this disease in Jinhua, Zhejiang from 1950 to 2010. Methods　Descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed using epidemic data from 1950 to 2010 and case investigations after 2005. Results　A total of 174 rabies cases were reported from 1950 to 2010, including 30 in the 1970s and 107 in the 80s, suggesting prevalence in Zhejiang province in that period. After a 13-year period of zero case report from 1992 through 2004, 32 cases were reported from 2005 to 2010. In Jinhua, high incidence rates of rabies were observed in summer and autumn, with 64.94% of cases occuring from July to November. Since 2005, most cases were farmers without proper post-exposure treatment and immunization. Conclusion　Increased numbers of dogs, poor public awareness of prevention, lack of prompt, proper post-exposure treatment and immunization, and oppresive costs of vaccines and immune globulins have contributed to the rebound of rabies epidemics. Therefore, governmental support for management and immunization strategies, promotion of public education and inclusion of vaccines in rural medical care coverage is crucial for future prevention and control.

Key words: Rabies, Epidemiological characteristics, Analysis