关键词: 吴氏白蛉, 越冬, 滞育, 有效积温, 羽化

Abstract:

Objective　To study the overwintering of Phlebotomus wui in artificial conditions. Methods　Group A: larvae overwintered in the breeding dish at a temperature of 10-18 ℃ and relative humidity of 30%-45%. Group B: larvae overwintered in the breeding dish at a temperature of 1-13 ℃ and relative humidity of 45%-70%. Group C: larvae overwintered in an oviposit pot at a temperature of 1-13 ℃ and relative humidity 45%-70%. Results　The average overall pupation rate was 52.6%. The highest pupation rate was seen in Group C, followed by Group B and A. In Group A, B, and C, the eclosion rates were 15.1%, 64.3% and 70.6%, the overall adult survivals 7.2%, 32.7% and 41.7%, and the effective accumulated temperature 3000 day·℃, 2975 day·℃ and 2960 day·℃, respectively. The time and extent of pupation and eclosion were scattered in Group A yet clearly concentrated in Group B and C. Conclusion　The environmental temperature has a significant effect on overwintering of P. wui, which requires an effective accumulated temperature of 2978 day·℃. The higher the temperature, the shorter the duration of diapause, resulting in earlier eclosion and abbreviated overwintering. Thus, the mating and blood-feeding period of P. wui commences earlier. In contrast, normal mating and blood feeding requires an average temperature lower than 11 ℃ and a diapause duration longer than 9 months. Humidity is also a significant factor because most larvae will not survive when the humidity remains below 75%.

Key words: Phlebotomus wui, Overwintering, Diapauses, Effective accumulated temperature, Eclosion