关键词: 大地震, 大疫, 措施

Abstract:

Earthquakes occur frequently around the world in recent years. Large earthquakes may cause heavy casualties, with the dead bodies buried under the ruins. In such a disaster, the survivors are deprived of clothing, food, shelter and other basic material conditions of life; hygienic facilities such as wells, kitchens, bathrooms, toilets and trash boxes are severely damaged; water and power supply are off, traffic paralyzed and communication interrupted; multiple sources of infection are formed out of sewage, feces and garbage after the water drainage system is destroyed; a surge of refugees become homeless and sleep in the open or temporary quake-proof shelters, their normal routines disordered and the body immunity declined. Such post-earthquake sequelae precipitate the outbreaks, spread and prevalence of infectious diseases. Therefore, to avoid post-disaster major epidemics and prevent the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases, medical contingency plans should be immediately initiated in conjunction with epidemic prevention mechanisms to minimize the seismic hazards.

Key words: Large earthquake, Major epidemics, Measures