中国媒介生物学及控制杂志

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广西疟疾媒介的地理分布、生态习性和传疟作用研究

郭传坤;李锦辉;覃业新   

  1. 广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心原虫病防制科 南宁530021
  • 出版日期:2007-04-20 发布日期:2007-04-20

Investigation on geographical distribution,ecological feature and malaria transmission of Anopheles in Guangxi

GUO Chuan-kun; LI Jin-hui; QIN Ye-xin   

  1. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530021, China
  • Online:2007-04-20 Published:2007-04-20

摘要: 目的 研究广西壮族自治区疟疾传播媒介的地理分布、生态习性和传疟作用。方法 采用普查和定点调查结合的方法对广西疟疾流行区的传疟媒介进行研究,同时收集相关的历史资料进行回顾性分析。结果 广西有78个县(市)发现微小按蚊,15个县发现嗜人按蚊,中华按蚊是全区广泛分布的蚊种;人血指数:微小按蚊在0.0458~0.1390之间,嗜人按蚊在0.2912~0.6330之间。子孢子自然感染率:微小按蚊为0.08%~8.11%,嗜人按蚊为0.25%~1.85%,中华按蚊为0.005%~0.32%,日月潭按蚊为0.06%~3.22%。结论 广西传疟媒介有4种,微小按蚊、嗜人按蚊分别是山区和低山丘陵区疟疾的主要媒介,中华按蚊是平原区的媒介,日月潭按蚊是山区疟疾的次要媒介。

关键词: 按蚊属, 地理分布, 生态习性, 传疟作用

Abstract: Objective To investigate the distribution,ecological feature and malaria transmission of Anopheles in Guangxi province.Methods Combining both of spot check and important site overall survey in Guangxi province,the data of vector survey in history were collected,described and analyzed.Results Anopheles minimusandAnopheles anthropophaguswere found in 78 counties and 15 counties,respectively.They fed mainly on human and sometimes on cattle.The human blood index of An.minimusandAn.anthropophaguswere 0.0458-0.1390 and 0.2912-0.6330,respectively.An.sinensis distributed widely in all parts of Guangxi.It fed mainly on cattle and sometimes on human.The sporozoite rates of An.minimus,An.anthropophagus,An.sinensisandAn.candidiensiswere 0.08%-8.11%,0.25%-1.85%,0.005%-0.32% and 0.06%-3.22%,respectively.Conclusion Above 4 species of Anopheles were vector of malaria in Guangxi.An.minimusandAn.anthropophagus were the chief vectors of malaria in mountainous and hilly areas respectively.An.sinensis andAn.candidiensiswere secondary vectors in malaria epidemic regions.