中国媒介生物学及控制杂志

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家栖鼠对抗凝血灭鼠剂抗药性研究与应用前景分析

梁练;张世炎;胡杰;戴广祥;李玉莲   

  1. 广东省湛江鼠疫防治研究所流行病科 湛江524037
  • 出版日期:2006-06-20 发布日期:2006-06-20

A Study on Resistance to Anticoagulant Rodenticide in Domestic Rats and Its Application

LIANG Lian; ZHANG Shi-yan; HU Jie; DAI Guang-xiang; LI Yu-   

  1. Guangdong Provincial Institute of Plague Control, Zhanjiang 524037, China
  • Online:2006-06-20 Published:2006-06-20

摘要: 目的 探讨湛江地区应用抗凝血灭鼠剂以来,家栖鼠抗药性发生情况以及演变规律,为灭鼠用药提供科学依据。方法 于不同时期、不同地区捕捉黄胸鼠和褐家鼠,按全国鼠类抗药性协作组统一方法进行抗药性试验。结果 使用第一代抗凝血灭鼠剂10年,黄胸鼠由敏感种群逐步产生抗药性个体,当使用到17年,湛江市区黄胸鼠便形成抗药性种群,但改用第二代抗凝血剂溴敌隆能缓解前者的抗药性;同一时期各地区使用抗凝血灭鼠剂频度及使用方法对黄胸鼠抗药性有所影响;褐家鼠抗药性一直维持在较低水平;黄胸鼠和褐家鼠之间抗药性发生率差异有统计学意义(χ2=41.676,P<0.01)。结论 使用抗凝血灭鼠剂要遵循鼠类抗药性的产生和发展规律,开展定期抗药性监测,科学选用第一代或第二代抗凝血灭鼠剂,才能确保灭鼠效果及延长抗凝血灭鼠剂的应用时间。

关键词: 抗凝血灭鼠剂, 黄胸鼠, 褐家鼠, 抗药性, 敏感性

Abstract: Objective To study the development and evolution of resistance to anticoagulant rodenticide in domestic rats since its use in Zhanjiang,Guangdong province and to provide scientific evidence for its use.Methods Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipectus were captured in varied periods from different areas of Zhanjiang.Their resistance to anticoagulant rodenticide was tested in lab based on the standard methods developed by a national collaboration study group.Results(Resistance to) the first-generation anticoagulant rodenticide gradually generated in individuals from the susceptible population of R.flavipectus ten years after its use,and a resistant population of R.flavipectus formed in Zhanjiang 17 years after its introduction.But,use of the second-generation anticoagulant rodenticide bromadiolone could reduce their resistance to the first-generation one.Frequency and methods to use anticoagulant rodenticides in varied areas the same period could influence the resistance in R.flavipectus,which could be maintained at a lower level in R.norvegicus,with a statistically significant difference between them((χ2=)(41.676),(P<(0.01)).Conclusion Rules of the development and evolution of resistance in rodents should be complied with in use of anticoagulant rodenticides,with periodically monitoring for it and properly selecting the first and second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides to ensure their effects and prolong their use period.