三种环境条件对毛囊蠕形螨杀灭作用的实验研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨2%甲硝唑溶液、常用消毒剂以及高温环境对人体毛囊蠕形螨的体外杀灭作用,为选择有效的灭螨方法提供可靠依据。方法采用透明胶带法获取螨虫,置于不同的条件下,观察其存活情况。结果毛囊蠕形螨在2%甲硝唑溶液中存活时间为36(12～48)h,与空白对照组27(5～56)h比较差异无统计学意义(u=-0.066,P>0.05)。在3组消毒剂和空白对照组间,毛囊蠕形螨存活时间差异有统计学意义(χ²=51.610,P<0.01)。其中,毛囊蠕形螨在75%医用酒精中存活时间为0.22(0.07～0.78)h,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(u=5.607 5,P<0.01);而毛囊蠕形螨在1%新洁尔灭中存活时间为48(12～60)h,在84消毒液(1∶50)中存活时间为24(12～48)h,二者与空白对照组比较差异无统计学意义(χ²=1.845,P>0.01)。在2%甲硝唑、75%医用酒精、1%新洁尔灭、84消毒液(1∶50)和空白对照组间,毛囊蠕形螨12 h内死亡率分别为19.05%、100.00%、12.50%、21.43%和17.24%,经χ2检验差异有统计学意义(χ²=60.086 9,P<0.01)。蠕形螨在45℃时,生存时间急剧缩短,由27℃时生存27 h缩短为1.5 h,54℃仅生存10 min;当温度升至60℃时,存活时间最长不超过1 min。结论 2%甲硝唑溶液对毛囊蠕形螨无体外杀灭作用;3种消毒液中,只有75%医用酒精对蠕形螨有杀灭作用,1%新洁尔灭和84消毒液(1∶50)对蠕形螨均无效。蠕形螨不耐高温,45℃对毛囊蠕形螨生存不利,54℃为致死温度,60℃为灭螨的最佳有效温度。因此,高温灭螨法可以作为目前既环保有效又简便快捷的方法。

关键词: 毛囊蠕形螨, 存活时间, 灭螨

Abstract: Objective To assess the curative effect on killing Demodex folliculorum in vitro in 2% metronidazole,common disinfectors and high tempreture conditions.In order to find an effective method for killingD.folliculorum.Methods The mites were collected with adhesive cellophane tape.Put them under various conditions and observe at intervals.Results Under the condition of 2% metronidazole,the survival time of mites was 36 hours,while in control,it was 27 hours,there was no significant difference between them(u=-0.066,P>(0.05).Comparing the survival time of mites,there was significant difference between the three common disinfectors and the control group((χ²=51.610,P<(0.01).The survival time of D.folliculorum in 75% alcohol was 0.22 hours,and there was significant difference between it and the control group((u=5.607 5,P<0.01);while in the 1% Bromo Geramine the survival time was 48 hours;in the 84 disinfector((1∶50)) the survival time was 24 hours,compared with the survival time of control group,there was no significant difference between them((χ²=1.845,P>0.01).The mortality of mites in 2% metronidazole,75% alcohol,1% Bromo Geramine,84 disinfector ((1∶50)) and the control group were 19.05%,100.000,12.50%,21.43% and 17.24% respectively,and there was significant difference between them((χ²=)60.086 9,P<0.01).In the four groups,it is 75% alcohol that had significant difference with the control group;while other groups were not.In the temperature of 45 ℃,the survival time ofD.folliculorum shortened sharply,the time was only(1.5) hours,compared with the survival time in the temperature of 27 ℃ which was 27 hours.In the temperature of 54 ℃,the survival time was just 10 minutes.When the temperature rose to 60 ℃,the survival time was less than 1 minute.Conclusion 2% metronidazole has no effect of killing D.folliculorum in vitro.In the three disinfectors,only 75% alcohol has the effect of killingD.folliculorum in vitro.While 84 disinfector((1∶50)) and 1% Bromo Geramine do not have the killing effect.D.folliculorum can not resist high temperature.The fatal temperature is 54℃ and the most effective temperature of killingD.folliculorum is 60 ℃.In a word,the high temperature method is a more effective way to killD.folliculorum,which has no negative affect to the environment.

赵亚娥;郭娜. 三种环境条件对毛囊蠕形螨杀灭作用的实验研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志.

ZHAO Ya-e;GUO Na. The Experiment of Killing Demodex Folliculorum in Three Environmental Conditions[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control.

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三种环境条件对毛囊蠕形螨杀灭作用的实验研究

The Experiment of Killing Demodex Folliculorum in Three Environmental Conditions

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