中国媒介生物学及控制杂志

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临沂市河东区肾综合征出血热防制研究

杨永彪;王孝义   

  1. 山东省临沂市河东区卫生防疫站 临沂276034
  • 出版日期:2004-04-20 发布日期:2004-04-20

A Study on the Prevention of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) in Hedong District of Linyi City

YANG Yong-biao; WANG Xiao-yi   

  1. Hedong District Sanitation aad Antiepidemic station, Linyi 276034, China
  • Online:2004-04-20 Published:2004-04-20

摘要: 目的摸清临沂市河东区肾综合征出血热(HFRS)人间及兽间疫情,以便有效控制HFRS流行。方法收集患者的流行病学资料;用间接免疫荧光法(IFAT)检查病人及健康人群HFRS特异抗体;用夹夜法调查鼠密度;以IFAT检测鼠肺汉坦病毒抗原;采用灭鼠、疫苗接种和健康教育等措施控制HFRS流行。结果1973~2002年共发生HFRS2112例,年平均发病率为14.29/10万,死亡91例,病死率为4.31%。1973~1984年河东区为姬鼠型HFRS疫区,1985年起,出现家鼠型HFRS流行。本区有鼠类2目6种,野外以黑线姬鼠为优势种(77.29%),室内以褐家鼠为优势种(50.64%),带病毒率分别为4.56%和4.12%。健康人群隐性感染率,随着疫区时间的推移而增高。结论临沂市河东区由姬鼠型HFRS疫区演变为以家鼠型为主的混合型HFRS疫区,开展以灭鼠为主的综合性防制措施能有效控制HFRS流行。

关键词: 肾综合征出血热, 传染源, 防病效果

Abstract: Objective To investigate the epidemiological situations of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) among both human beings and animals for controlling prevalence of HFRS effectively.Methods Epidemiological materials was collected.Indirect immunofluorescence technique(IFAT) was used to detect the HFRS specific antibodies among patients and healthy ones.Rat density was investigated by counting the trapped rats at night.IFAT was used to detect the rat pulmonary viral antigen.Deratization,vaccination and health education were used to control HFRS spread.Results HFRS occurred in 2036 cases from 1973 to 2002 with the yearly morbidity of 14.29/100 000 and with the fatality rate of 4.31%(91 cases died).HFRS caused by Apodemus agrarius was discovered from 1973 to 1984.HFRS caused by house mouse occurred from 1985.Field Apodemus agrarius(77.29%) and Rattus norvegicus(50.64%) were the dominant species in the 6 species of 2 kings discovered in this district.Both of them are the main source of infection,and the virus carrying rates of them were 4.56% and 4.12% respectively.The latent infection rate among healthy people increased as time went on.Conclusion Hedong District of Linyi City belongs to the mixed HFRS epidemic area in which house rats are the main source of infection and which has evolved from HFRS epidemic area in which Apodemus agrarius are the main source of infection.HFRS spread was controlled through the integrated prevention in which the deratization is the main methods.