中国媒介生物学及控制杂志

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黑龙江省中俄边境地区吸血蠓的区系和生态研究

刘国平1;王春梅1;金斗星2;王静云3   

  1. 1沈阳军区军事医学研究所 沈阳110034;2沈阳军区81134部队医院;3沈阳市胸科医院
  • 出版日期:2001-06-20 发布日期:2001-06-20

Faunal and Ecological Studies of Blood-sucking Midges in Frontiers of Russia and Heilongjiang Province in China

LIU Guo-ping*; WANG Chun-mei; JIN Dou-xing; et al   

  1. Institute of Military Medicines, PLA Shenyang,Shenyang 110034,China
  • Online:2001-06-20 Published:2001-06-20

摘要: 目的:研究黑龙江省中俄边境地区吸血蠓的种类分布及主要种群的生态习性。方法:人帐诱、诱虫灯诱和挥网法。结果:在6个市县采获吸血蠓412989只,计2属35种,刺螫库蠓(36.5%)和不显库蠓(36%)为优势种群。不同生境、场所和月份的蠓种组成有所不同。主要蠓种的活动季节分别为:刺螫库蠓14旬,兴安库蠓10旬,不显库蠓8旬,灰黑库蠓和淡角库蠓6旬,端斑库蠓5旬。刺螫库蠓、兴安库蠓和不显库蠓在整个活动季节出现2次高峰,灰黑库蠓、淡角库蠓和端斑库蠓只出现1次高峰。刺螫库蠓、兴安库蠓、不显库蠓和灰黑库蠓昼夜24h均有活动,在日出、日落前后1~2h内出现晨、昏2次高峰。结论:基本查清调查地区吸血蠓种的分布及主要种群的生态习性,为有效地开展吸血蠓的防制提供了生态学依据。

关键词: 吸血蠓, 种类分布, 生态研究

Abstract: Objective:To comprehend the faunal and ecological circumstance of blood-sucking midges in frontiers of Russia and Heilongjiang province of China.Method:Bednet snare;Lamp snare;Netted method.Result:412989blood-sucking belonging to 2 genera and 35 species were recorded from Heihe city and Jiayin,Luobei,Raohe,Hulin,Dongning coutries.The predominan species were Culicoides punctatus(36.5%) and C.obsoletus(36.0%).The composition of species of blood-sucking midges varied with different habitats,places and months.The active durations were 140 days for C.punctatus,100 days for C.sinanoensis,80 days for C.obsoletus,60 days for C.pulicaris and C.pallidicornis,and 50 days for C.erairai.During active seasons,there was only one peak for C.pulicaris,C.pallidicornis and C.erairai,and two peaks for C.punctatus,C.obsoletusand C.sinanoensis.The observations on 4 species show that within 24 hours,two peaks of C.punctatus,C.sinanoensis,C.obsoletus and C.pulicaris appear at 1-2 hours front or after sunrise and sunset within 24 hours.