中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 280-288.DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2025.02.022

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青藏高原3种重要自然疫源性疾病流行特征

王文龙, 熊浩明, 马英, 马丽, 陶元清, 田富彰, 魏有文, 徐守彪, 马龙, 刘中凯, 王永顺   

  1. 国家卫生健康委鼠疫防治研究重点实验室(青海省地方病预防控制所), 青海省 西宁市 811602
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-03 出版日期:2025-04-20 发布日期:2025-05-09
  • 通讯作者: 熊浩明,E-mail:hm.1@163.com;陶元清,E-mail:tyq001@126.com
  • 作者简介:王文龙,男,医师,主要从事传染性疾病预防控制工作,E-mail:blood12375@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    青海省基础研究计划(2020-ZJ-778);青海省“昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才”项目(青海病媒生物防控与研究团队)

Epidemiological characteristics of three important natural focal diseases on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

WANG Wen-long, XIONG Hao-ming, MA Ying, MA Li, TAO Yuan-qing, TIAN Fu-zhang, WEI You-wen, XU Shou-biao, MA Long, LIU Zhong-kai, WANG Yong-shun   

  1. Key Laboratory of Plague Control Research, National Health Commission (Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention) and Control, Xining, Qinghai 811602, China
  • Received:2024-04-03 Online:2025-04-20 Published:2025-05-09
  • Supported by:
    Basic Research Program of Qinghai Province (No. 2020-ZJ-778); Qinghai Kunlun Talents and High-level Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talents (Qinghai Disease Vectors Research Team for Prevention and Control)

摘要: 青藏高原地理、生态环境独特,自然环境恶劣,地方经济水平相对落后,自然疫源地数量多、范围广,主要自然疫源性疾病有鼠疫、布鲁氏菌病、棘球蚴病3种。该文总结归纳3种疾病的国内外研究现状,从自然疫源性疾病角度出发,由疾病的主要流行情况、流行特点、疾病与主要景观特征相关性等方面入手,描述3种疾病的流行特征,以提高对青藏高原几类自然疫源性疾病的认识,加强对相关自然疫源性疾病的了解,减少这些疾病对高原人民生命健康的危害,促进人与自然和谐共处。

关键词: 自然疫源性疾病, 传染病, 地方病, 青藏高原, 鼠疫, 棘球蚴病, 布鲁氏菌病

Abstract: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has unique geographical and ecological environment, harsh natural conditions, and relatively underdeveloped local economy. It has a large number of natural foci covering a vast area. The three major natural focal diseases in this region are plague, brucellosis, and echinococcosis. This article summarizes and synthesizes the current state of research, both domestically and internationally on three diseases. From the standpoint of natural focal diseases, this article describes the epidemiological characteristics of the three diseases with a focus on their main prevalence, epidemic features, and correlation between the diseases and the main landscape features. This research serves to raise awareness of these natural focal diseases on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, strengthen the understanding of related diseases, so as to reduce harmful effects of these diseases to the life and health of plateau residents, and promote harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.

Key words: Natural focal disease, Infectious disease, Endemic disease, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Plague, Echinococcosis, Brucellosis

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