湖北省枣阳市中华按蚊对常用杀虫剂的敏感性调查

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.02.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的以湖北省枣阳市野外中华按蚊为对象，测定其对溴氰菊酯、高效氟氯氰菊酯和马拉硫磷等杀虫剂的敏感性，为湖北省传疟媒介的控制工作提供科学参考。方法以湖北省枣阳市为调查点，分别于2019年7月和2021年7月在牛棚捕捉中华按蚊，采用世界卫生组织（WHO）推荐的滤纸接触筒法测定中华按蚊对溴氰菊酯、高效氟氯氰菊酯和马拉硫磷的敏感性。2019年每种杀虫剂重复测定4组，2021年每种杀虫剂重复测定6组。测定过程中，记录中华按蚊接触药膜滤纸10、15、20、30、40、50及60 min后的击倒数。接触杀虫剂药膜滤纸60 min后，将所有受试的中华按蚊成虫转移到恢复筒，24 h后记录蚊虫死亡情况，应用WHO抗药性评价标准确定抗性级别。采用Excel 2007软件建立数据库，SPSS 17.0软件分析2019和2021年试验组接触药膜滤纸60 min后的击倒率差异。击倒率差异的比较采用χ²检验分析。结果 2019和2021年溴氰菊酯试验组60 min击倒率分别为2.00%和0，差异有统计学意义（χ²=9.800，P=0.007）；24 h校正死亡率分别为7.74%和15.67%。2019和2021年高效氟氯氰菊酯试验组60 min击倒率分别为0和0.61%，差异有统计学意义（χ²=6.400，P=0.011）；24 h校正死亡率分别为17.04%和4.36%。2019和2021年马拉硫磷试验组60 min击倒率分别为3.06%和3.14%，差异无统计学意义（χ²=8.000，P=0.156）；24 h校正死亡率分别为55.58%和82.24%。2019和2021年，溴氰菊酯、高效氟氯氰菊酯和马拉硫磷试验组抗性级别均为抗性。结论湖北省枣阳市中华按蚊对溴氰菊酯、高效氟氯氰菊酯和马拉硫磷均产生了抗性，后期应进一步加强抗药性监测，科学合理使用杀虫剂，采取综合防治措施。

关键词: 中华按蚊, 抗药性, 枣阳市

Abstract: Objective To investigate the susceptibility of wild Anopheles sinensis to insecticides, including deltamethrin, beta-cyfluthrin, and malathion, in Zaoyang, Hubei province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for the local malaria vector control. Methods An. sinensis mosquitoes were captured from cowsheds in Zaoyang of Hubei province in both July 2019 and July 2021. The filter-paper bioassay recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) was used to determine the susceptibility of An. sinensis to deltamethrin, beta-cyfluthrin, and malathion. For each insecticide, the test procedures were repeated four times (n≈25) in 2019 and six times (n≈25) in 2021. During the measurement, the numbers of knocked down mosquitoes at 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min were recorded. After 60 min of exposure, all tested adult An. sinensis mosquitoes were transferred to the holding tubes, and the mortality was recorded 24 h later. The insecticide resistance level was assessed based on the WHO criteria. Excel 2007 software was used for data collation. SPSS 17.0 software and the Chi-square test were used to analyze and compare the differences in 60 min knockdown rate between 2019 and 2021. Results The experimental groups of deltamethrin had 60 min knockdown rates of 2.00% in 2019 and 0 in 2021, with a statistical difference between them (χ²=9.800, P=0.007), and had 24 h mortality rates of 7.74% in 2019 and 15.67% in 2021. The experimental groups of beta-cyfluthrin had 60 min knockdown rates of 0 in 2019 and 0.61% in 2021, with a statistical difference between them (χ²=6.400, P=0.011), and had 24 h mortality rates of 17.04% in 2019 and 4.36% in 2021. The experimental groups of malathion had 60 min knockdown rates of 3.06% in 2019 and 3.14% in 2021, with no statistical difference between them (χ²=8.000, P=0.156), and had 24 h mortality rates of 55.58% in 2019 and 82.24% in 2021. The resistance levels to the three types of insecticides were all "resistant" both in 2019 and 2021. Conclusions An. sinensis in Zaoyang, Hubei province has developed resistance to deltamethrin, beta-cyfluthrin, and malathion. The monitoring of insecticide resistance of An. sinensis should be strengthened. Insecticides should be used reasonably, and comprehensive control measures should be taken.

Key words: Anopheles sinensis, Insecticide resistance, Zaoyang

中图分类号:

万伦, 张华勋, 夏菁, 吴冬妮, 张娟, 曹慕民, 朱红. 湖北省枣阳市中华按蚊对常用杀虫剂的敏感性调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2023, 34(2): 222-226.

WAN Lun, ZHANG Hua-xun, XIA Jing, WU Dong-ni, ZHANG Juan, CAO Mu-min, ZHU Hong. Susceptibility of Anopheles sinensis to common insecticides in Zaoyang, Hubei province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2023, 34(2): 222-226.

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