云南省剑川县历史和新发鼠疫疫点主要宿主动物和媒介蚤的对比分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.01.006

中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 31-38.DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.01.006

云南省剑川县历史和新发鼠疫疫点主要宿主动物和媒介蚤的对比分析

段彪¹, 张四祥², 赵彩凤³, 洪梅¹, 苏丽琼¹, 赵文红¹, 杨智明¹, 鲁亮⁴

1. 云南省地方病防治所鼠疫防治科, 云南大理 671000;
2. 剑川县地方病防治站, 云南大理 671300;
3. 鹤庆县疾病预防控制中心, 云南大理 671500;
4. 中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所媒介生物控制室, 北京 102206

收稿日期:2022-08-26 出版日期:2023-02-20 发布日期:2023-02-16
通讯作者: 鲁亮,E-mail:luliang@icdc.cn
作者简介:段彪,男,硕士,主治医师,主要从事鼠疫等鼠传疾病防治及医学媒介防制研究,E-mail:dbiao5485@163.com
基金资助:
徐建国院士工作站研究计划项目（2019YS06）；云南省医疗卫生单位内设研究机构科研项目（2018NS0214）

Comparative analysis of main host animals and flea vectors at historical and new plague foci in Jianchuan county, Yunnan province, China

Biao DUAN¹, Si-xiang ZHANG², Cai-feng ZHAO³, Mei HONG¹, Li-qiong SU¹, Wen-hong ZHAO¹, Zhi-ming YANG¹, Liang LU⁴

1. Department of Plague Control, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China;
2. Jianchuan County Station of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, Yunnan 671300, China;
3. Heqing County Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, Yunnan 671500, China;
4. Department of Vector Biology and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China

Received:2022-08-26 Online:2023-02-20 Published:2023-02-16
Supported by:
Academician Xu Jianguo Workstation Research Project(2019YS06);Internal Research Institutes Foundation of Yunnan Medical and Health(2018NS0214)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析云南省剑川县历史和新发鼠疫疫点主要宿主动物和媒介蚤种类构成、年际和季节消长趋势，探讨宿主和媒介种群特征与鼠疫流行的关系。方法收集2012－2021年云南省剑川县沙溪镇监测点（历史鼠疫疫点）和金华镇监测点（新发鼠疫疫点）的鼠疫监测数据，采用描述性和相关性统计方法分析主要宿主动物、蚤类的种群特征。结果沙溪镇监测点共发现动物6目7科19属22种，其中室外发现6目7科18属20种，室内发现2目2科4属5种；金华镇监测点共发现宿主动物5目6科17属21种，其中室外发现5目6科17属20种，室内发现3目5科8属10种；2个监测点均以大绒鼠和齐氏姬鼠为优势种，其中沙溪镇这2种鼠的构成比分别为37.73%和45.90%，金华镇分别为35.86%和51.43%。2个监测点检获媒介蚤3科8属8种，其中鼠体蚤3科8属8种，巢穴蚤2科4属4种；沙溪镇鼠体染蚤率为28.91%（3 693/12 772），总蚤指数为0.79（10 144/12 772）；金华镇鼠体染蚤率为29.39%（959/3 263），总蚤指数为0.71（2 321/3 263）；2个监测点均以棕形额蚤和特新蚤为优势种，其中沙溪镇这2种蚤的构成比分别为33.20%和16.30%，金华镇分别为36.49%和19.09%。结论对比分析剑川县历史和新发鼠疫疫点主要宿主动物和媒介蚤的种群特征，发现齐氏姬鼠及其鼠体棕形额蚤、特新蚤的种群特征与鼠疫流行关系更为密切。

关键词: 鼠疫, 历史, 新发, 宿主动物, 媒介蚤, 对比分析

Abstract: Objective To analyze the species composition and interannual and seasonal fluctuations of main host animals and flea vectors at historical and new plague foci in Jianchuan county, Yunnan province, China, and to explore the relationship between the population characteristics of hosts and vectors and plague epidemics. Methods Plague surveillance data were collected from Shaxi town surveillance point (historical) and Jinhua town surveillance point (new) in Jianchuan county, Yunnan province from 2012 to 2021. Descriptive and correlation methods were used to analyze the population characteristics of major host animals and fleas. Results The host animals found at Shaxi town surveillance point involved 22 species, 19 genera, 7 families, and 6 orders (outdoors:20 species, 18 genera, 7 families, and 6 orders; indoors:5 species, 4 genera, 2 orders, and 2 families). The host animals found at Jinhua town surveillance point involved 21 species, 17 genera, 6 families, and 5 orders (outdoors:20 species, 17 genera, 6 families, and 5 orders; indoors:10 species, 8 genera, 5 families, and 3 orders). The dominant species were Eothenomys miletus and Apodemus chevrieri at both monitoring sites, accounting for 37.73% and 45.90% in Shaxi town and 35.86% and 51.43% in Jinhua town, respectively. The fleas collected at the two surveillance sites involved 8 species, 8 genera, and 3 families (rodent body fleas:8 species, 8 genera, and 3 families; nest fleas:4 species, 4 genera, and 2 families). In Shaxi town, the body flea infestation rate was 28.91% (3 693/12 772), and the total flea index was 0.79 (10 144/12 772). In Jinhua town, the body flea infestation rate was 29.39% (959/3 263), and the total flea index was 0.71 (2 321/3 263). Frontopsylla spadix and Neopsylla specialis were the dominant species at both monitoring sites, accounting for 33.20% and 16.30% in Shaxi town and 36.49% and 19.09% in Jinhua town, respectively. Conclusion By comparing the population characteristics of main host animals and flea vectors at historical and new plague foci in Jianchuan county, it is indicated that the population characteristics of A. chevrieri and ectoparasitic F. spadix and N. specialis are more closely related to plague epidemics.

Key words: Plague, Historical, New, Host animal, Flea vector, Comparative analysis

中图分类号:

R516.8

段彪, 张四祥, 赵彩凤, 洪梅, 苏丽琼, 赵文红, 杨智明, 鲁亮. 云南省剑川县历史和新发鼠疫疫点主要宿主动物和媒介蚤的对比分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2023, 34(1): 31-38.

Biao DUAN, Si-xiang ZHANG, Cai-feng ZHAO, Mei HONG, Li-qiong SU, Wen-hong ZHAO, Zhi-ming YANG, Liang LU. Comparative analysis of main host animals and flea vectors at historical and new plague foci in Jianchuan county, Yunnan province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2023, 34(1): 31-38.

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云南省剑川县历史和新发鼠疫疫点主要宿主动物和媒介蚤的对比分析

Comparative analysis of main host animals and flea vectors at historical and new plague foci in Jianchuan county, Yunnan province, China

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