贵州省黔东南州部分地区食用鼠种类及病原体携带情况初探

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.04.009

中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 432-435.DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.04.009

所属专题：媒介生物病原学监测专题

• 媒介生物病原学监测专题 • 上一篇下一篇

贵州省黔东南州部分地区食用鼠种类及病原体携带情况初探

周敬祝¹, 刘英¹, 吴玉英¹, 田珍灶¹, 王月¹, 蒋维佳¹, 陆先华², 李世军¹, 梁文琴¹

1. 贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心, 贵州贵阳 550004;
2. 黎平县肇兴镇卫生院, 贵州黎平 557314

收稿日期:2021-02-26 出版日期:2021-08-20 发布日期:2021-08-20
通讯作者: 梁文琴,E-mail:liangwenqin521@126.com
作者简介:周敬祝,男,副主任医师,从事传染病防制研究工作,E-mail:458520264@qq.com
基金资助:
传染病预防控制国家重点实验室自主研究课题（2018SKLID305）；贵州省卫健委科学技术基金（gzwjkj2018-1-066）；贵州省重要传染病实验诊断技术及分子流行病学研究科技创新人才团队〔贵州省科技创新人才团队项目（黔科合平台人才［2018］5606）〕

A preliminary study on the species of edible rodents and rodent-borne pathogens in the Qiandongnan Miao and Dong autonomous prefecture, Guizhou province, China

ZHOU Jing-zhu¹, LIU Ying¹, WU Yu-ying¹, TIAN Zhen-zao¹, WANG Yue¹, JIANG Wei-jia¹, LU Xian-hua², LI Shi-jun¹, LIANG Wen-qin¹

1. Experimental Center of Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China;
2. Liping County Zhaoxing Town Health Center, Liping, Guizhou 557314, China

Received:2021-02-26 Online:2021-08-20 Published:2021-08-20
Supported by:
Supported by the Independent Research Project of the State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (No. 2018SKLID305), Science and Technology Fund Project of Guizhou Provincial Health Commission (No. gzwjkj2018-1-066) and Special Funds of Research Team for Experimental Diagnostic Technique and Molecular Epidemiological Study of Major Infectious Disease in Guizhou Province (Program of Scientific and Technological Innovation Talent Team of Guizhou Province. Grant No.QianKe He Platform Talent [2018]5606)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查贵州省部分少数民族食用鼠种类构成及病原体携带情况，为今后鼠及鼠传疾病防治提供基础资料。方法通过访谈了解当地少数民族食用鼠类情况，采用夹夜法在黔东南苗族侗族自治州3县4乡镇的山地林区开展鼠类调查并分类鉴定，解剖采集其脏器放于-20 ℃低温保存并运送至实验室；采用PCR技术检测鼠体携带钩端螺旋体（钩体）、汉坦病毒、鼠疫耶尔森菌（鼠疫菌）情况，并对其中2份鼠肠道细菌进行分离鉴定。结果共捕获鼠标本141只，捕获率为20.74%，共计2科5属10种，其中食用最多鼠种为青毛鼠和白腹巨鼠。钩体检测阳性率为27.08%（13/48），Ⅰ型汉坦病毒阳性率为0.71%（1/141），Ⅱ型汉坦病毒阳性率为12.77%（18/141），鼠疫菌均为阴性（0/125）。青毛鼠十二指肠分离到4种菌，均不具备致泻性，而白腹巨鼠分离到4种菌，其中2种具有致泻性。结论青毛鼠及白腹巨鼠是山地林间优势种也是食用的主要鼠种，其携带钩体和汉坦病毒，应是重要的储存宿主，具有较高的传播流行风险。建议加强该地区鼠及鼠传疾病的监测，重视鼠传疾病及其防治知识的宣传教育，以降低该地区鼠传疾病的发病风险。

关键词: 鼠传疾病, 青毛鼠, 白腹巨鼠, 病原体, 贵州

Abstract: Objective To investigate the species composition of edible rodents and rodent-borne pathogens in some ethnic minority areas in Guizhou province, and to provide basic data for the prevention and control of rodents and rodent-borne diseases. Methods Edible rodents were preliminarily investigated through interviews with local ethnic minority people. Rodents were captured by the night trapping method in the mountainous forest areas of three counties and four towns in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong autonomous prefecture. Rodents were identified and dissected and the viscera were stored at -20 ℃ and transported to the laboratory. PCR was used to detect rodent-borne Leptospira, Hantavirus, and Yersinia pestis. Bacteria were isolated and identified from two intestinal samples. Results A total of 141 (20.74%) rodents were captured, which belonged to 2 families, 5 genera, and 10 species, and the most frequently consumed rodents were Berylmys bowersi and Niviventer coninga. Leptospira (positive rate, 13/48, 27.08%), Hantavirus type I (positive rate, 1/141, 0.71%), and Hantavirus type Ⅱ (positive rate, 18/141, 12.77%) were detected, while Y. pestis was absent (0/125). Four non-diarrheagenic bacterial species were isolated from the duodenum of B. bowersi, while two of the four bacterial strains isolated from N. coninga were diarrheagenic. Conclusion The dominant species of edible rodents in mountain forests are B. bowersi and N. coninga. These species are major hosts of Leptospira and Hantavirus and present a high risk of disease transmission. We suggest to strengthen the surveillance of rodents and rodent-borne diseases in this area, and pay attention to the publicity and education of rodent-borne diseases to reduce the risk of infection.

Key words: Rodent-borne diseases, Berylmys bowersi, Niviventer coninga, Pathogen, Guizhou

中图分类号:

S443
R373.3

周敬祝, 刘英, 吴玉英, 田珍灶, 王月, 蒋维佳, 陆先华, 李世军, 梁文琴. 贵州省黔东南州部分地区食用鼠种类及病原体携带情况初探[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2021, 32(4): 432-435.

ZHOU Jing-zhu, LIU Ying, WU Yu-ying, TIAN Zhen-zao, WANG Yue, JIANG Wei-jia, LU Xian-hua, LI Shi-jun, LIANG Wen-qin. A preliminary study on the species of edible rodents and rodent-borne pathogens in the Qiandongnan Miao and Dong autonomous prefecture, Guizhou province, China[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2021, 32(4): 432-435.

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贵州省黔东南州部分地区食用鼠种类及病原体携带情况初探

A preliminary study on the species of edible rodents and rodent-borne pathogens in the Qiandongnan Miao and Dong autonomous prefecture, Guizhou province, China

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