吉林省长白山区蜱类调查研究

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.06.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的掌握吉林省长白山区蜱类构成和地域分布。方法 2017年5－6月，在吉林省长白山区19个县（市）采用布旗法采集游离蜱和牛、羊体表寄生蜱，送至实验室进行形态学鉴定。结果共采集蜱类16 512只，隶属1科3属5种，其中游离蜱13 532只，牛、羊体表寄生蜱2 980只，蜱种为全沟硬蜱、嗜群血蜱、日本血蜱、长角血蜱和森林革蜱。游离蜱中全沟硬蜱、日本血蜱、长角血蜱、森林革蜱、嗜群血蜱和未鉴定种分别占32.60%、24.42%、17.89%、16.14%、8.40%和0.55%，不同蜱种构成比差异有统计学意义（χ²=6 275.311，P<0.001）。牛、羊体表寄生蜱中全沟硬蜱、日本血蜱、森林革蜱、长角血蜱、嗜群血蜱分别占33.05%、32.62%、24.70%、5.54%和4.09%，不同蜱种构成比差异亦有统计学意义（χ²=1 515.801，P<0.001）。全沟硬蜱在抚松和汪清县分布较多，分别占92.52%和75.54%；日本血蜱在磐石市分布较多，占64.57%；森林革蜱在安图县和舒兰市分布较多，分别占80.94%和77.41%；长角血蜱在图们、珲春和集安3市分布较多，分别占100%、98.85%和98.55%；嗜群血蜱在龙井市分布较多，占71.52%，不同地区蜱种构成比差异有统计学意义（均P<0.001）。结论吉林省长白山区蜱类种类多样，具有明显地域分布特征，在该区域应加强蜱类本底调查，积极防控蜱传疾病。

关键词: 蜱类, 长白山区, 分布, 吉林省

Abstract: Objective To investigate the species composition and regional distribution of ticks in Changbai mountain area of Jilin province, China. Methods From May to June 2017, ticks were collected on vegetation and as parasites on the body surfaces of cattle and sheep in 19 counties (cities) across the Changbai mountain area in Jilin province, and were brought back to laboratory for species identification by morphology. Results A total of 16 512 ticks in 1 family, 3 genera, and 5 species were collected, 13 532 of which were from vegetation and 2 980 from the body surfaces of cattle and sheep. The tick species included Ixodes persulcatus, Haemaphysalis concinna, H. japonica, H. longicornis, and Dermacentor silvarum. The ticks from vegetation included I. persulcatus (32.60%), H. japonica (24.42%), H. longicornis (17.89%), D. silvarum (16.14%), H. concinna (8.40%), and ticks with unidentified species (0.55%); the proportions of different tick species were significantly different (χ²=6 275.311, P<0.001). The ticks from the body surfaces of cattle and sheep included I. persulcatus (33.05%), H. Japonica (32.62%), D. silvarum (24.70%), H. longicornis (5.54%), and H. concinna (4.09%); their proportions were also significantly different (χ²=1 515.801, P<0.001). I. persulcatus was mainly distributed in Fusong county (92.52%) and Wangqing county (75.54%), H. japonica in Panshi city (64.57%), D. silvarum in Antu county (80.94%) and Shulan city (77.41%), H. longicornis in Tumen city (100%), Hunchun city (98.85%), and Ji'an city (98.55%), and H. concinna in Longjing city (71.52%); there were significant differences in the species composition of ticks from different regions (all P<0.001). Conclusion The tick species distributed in the Changbai mountain area in Jilin province have a great diversity and obvious regional distribution characteristics. It is necessary to strengthen the background investigation of tick species in this area in order to actively prevent and control tick-borne diseases.

Key words: Ticks, Changbai mountain area, Distribution, Jilin province

中图分类号:

R384.4

沈博, 李基旭, 黄飚, 赵庆龙, 姚来顺, 王岙, 吴东林, 杨显达, 魏雷雷, 邓立权. 吉林省长白山区蜱类调查研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2020, 31(6): 667-671.

SHEN Bo, LI Ji-xu, HUANG Biao, ZHAO Qing-long, YAO Lai-shun, WANG Ao, WU Dong-lin, YANG Xian-da, WEI Lei-lei, DENG Li-quan. An investigation of tick species in Changbai mountain area of Jilin province, China[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2020, 31(6): 667-671.

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