中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 35-39.DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2019.01.007

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

青海省海北藏族自治州鼠疫耶尔森菌病原学分析及流行病学意义

吴海生, 吴海莲, 杨晓艳, 李存香, 熊浩明, 何建, 李翔, 徐小青, 代瑞霞, 张青雯   

  1. 青海省地方病预防控制所鼠疫菌专业实验室, 青海 西宁 811602
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-08 出版日期:2019-02-20 发布日期:2019-02-20
  • 通讯作者: 代瑞霞,Email:drx200907@163.com;张青雯,Email:qhszqw73531@126.com
  • 作者简介:吴海生,男,助理研究员,主要从事鼠疫防治及鼠疫菌鉴定工作,Email:qh_whs@163.com;吴海莲,女,主管技师,主要从事鼠疫防治及鼠疫菌鉴定工作,Email:wuhailian1982@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81660349)

An etiological study and epidemiological significance of Yersinia pestis in Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai province, China

WU Hai-sheng, WU Hai-lian, YANG Xiao-yan, LI Cun-xiang, XIONG Hao-ming, HE Jian, LI Xiang, XU Xiao-qing, DAI Rui-xia, ZHANG Qing-wen   

  1. Speciality Laboratory of Yersinia pestis of Qinghai Institute for Endemic Diseases Prevention and Control, Xining 811602, Qinghai Province, China
  • Received:2018-10-08 Online:2019-02-20 Published:2019-02-20
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81660349)

摘要: 目的 探讨青海省海北藏族自治州(海北州)鼠疫耶尔森菌(鼠疫菌)病原学特征及流行病学意义,为该地区的鼠疫防控提供科学依据。方法 对1956-2011年间青海省海北州祁连、门源、海晏、刚察4县中分离的104株鼠疫菌进行生化糖醇类试验、毒力因子检测、毒力判定、质粒分析及细菌差异区段(DFR)分型等研究。结果 根据生化分型指标,104株菌株中有73株为青藏高原型,25株为祁连山型,6株与青海省鼠疫自然疫源地生态型不一致,所有菌株均携带分子质量为6×106、45×106、52×106的质粒,74.04%(77/104)的鼠疫菌含有4个毒力因子,98.51%(66/67)的鼠疫菌为强毒株。DFR分型有6个基因组型,其中8型有75株,44型20株,5型6株,6型、7型和11型各1株。结论 青海省海北州分离的鼠疫菌具备青藏高原鼠疫病原体特性,生态类型复杂,鼠疫菌毒力强,需加强该地区鼠疫的监测、防控和宣传力度。

关键词: 鼠疫耶尔森菌, 病原学, 流行病学, 海北藏族自治州

Abstract: Objective To investigate the etiological characteristics and epidemiological significance of Yersinia pestis strains in Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai province, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of plague in this area. Methods Carbohydrate fermentation test, virulence factor detection, virulence determination, plasmid analysis, and different region (DFR) analysis were performed on a total of 104 Y. pestis strains isolated from Qilian, Menyuan, Haiyan, and Gangcha in Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture from 1956 to 2011. Results According to the biochemical typing, 73 of the 104 strains tested were classified as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecotype, 25 as the Qilian Mountain ecotype, and 6 as the ecotypes different from those in the natural plague foci of Qinghai province. Plasmids with molecular weights of 6×106, 45×106, and 52×106 were found in all of the strains. Seventy-seven (74.04%) of the 104 strains contained four virulence factors, and 98.51% (66/67) were velogenic strains. According to the DFR analysis, six genomovars were found:genomovar 8 (75 strains), genomovar 44 (20 strains), genomovar 5 (6 strains), genomovar 6 (1 strain), genomovar 7 (1 strain), and genomovar 11 (1 strain). Conclusion The Y. pestis strains isolated in Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai province have the specific characteristics of Y. pestis strains in Qinghai-Tibet plateau, with complex ecotypes and strong virulence. Monitoring, prevention, and control of plague, as well as dissemination of relative knowledge, should be strengthened in this area.

Key words: Yersinia pestis, Etiology, Epidemiology, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

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