Abstract:

Objective To determine the species composition, ecological habits, and seasonality of flies in the urban area of Xi’an, China, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of flies and fly?borne diseases. Methods Cage traps with sugar and vinegar baits were used to capture flies. Monthly statistical analysis of surveillance data for the diversity of flies was performed from March to November each year. Results A total of 2378 adult flies were captured from 2009 to 2012 and classified into 15 species, 10 genera, and 3 families. The general average density was 2.65 flies/cage. The highest density was found in 2009 (3.00 flies/cage), and the lowest density in 2012 (2.47 flies/cage). Musca domestica (54.71%), Muscina stabulans (10.26%), Helicophagella melanura (10.13%), and Lucilia sericata (9.04%) were the predominant species. Conclusion The population density and seasonality of flies are related to the habitat, climate, and seasons. Integrated control measures with chemical and physical methods before activity climax will substantially reduce fly population density and the incidence of fly?borne diseases.

Key words: Fly, Population density, Surveillance

摘要：

目的 掌握西安市城区蝇类的种群分布、生态习性及季节消长等变化规律, 为蝇类及虫媒传染病的防治提供科学依据。方法 采用捕蝇笼糖醋诱饵诱捕法。每年3－11月, 对每月获得的监测数据进行蝇种多样性和统计分析。结果 2009－2012年共捕获成蝇2378只, 分属3科10属15种。总平均密度为2.65只/笼, 其中2009年蝇密度最高为3.00只/笼; 2012年蝇密度最低为2.47只/笼;优势种为家蝇、厩腐蝇、黑尾黑麻蝇和丝光绿蝇, 分别占捕蝇总数的54.71%、10.26%、10.13%和9.04%。结论 蝇类种群密度与季节消长及不同的生境、气候、季节有关。在蝇类活动高峰前适时加强环境整治, 采用物理、化学综合防治措施, 可有效降低蝇密度, 减少虫媒传染病的发生。

关键词: 蝇类, 种群密度, 监测