Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of high temperature on the gene expression of Blattella germanica by transcriptomics, the functional enrichment of regulated genes, and involved metabolic pathways, and to speculate the mechanism of response to high temperature. Methods Transcriptomic sequencing was performed on B. germanica adults exposed to 40℃ as high temperature treatment (2 h) versus 25℃ as a control. The differentially expressed genes were calculated, and GO (Gene Ontology database) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases were used to analyze enrichment of gene functions and metabolic pathways. Results After screening of sequencing data, there were 93 725 712 non-redundant transcripts. The 524 genes were up-regulated and 525 genes down-regulated in response to high temperature. The regulated genes were enriched to 14 GO terms and 30 KEGG metabolic pathways, including defense response to fungus, response to stress, phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase activity, L-phenylalanine catabolic process, extracellular region, tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activity, aromatase activity, iron ion binding, amino acid binding, membrane-bounded organelle, endoplasmic reticulum membrane, oxidoreductase activity, carboxylic ester hydrolase activity, and response to pheromone. Conclusion Blattella germanica may respond to high temperature through defense response to fungus, response to stress, etc., which provides basic data for clarifying the molecular mechanisms of response and tolerance to high temperature in B. germanica.

Key words: Blattella germanica, High temperature, Gene expression

摘要： 目的 利用转录组学方法研究高温环境对德国小蠊基因表达的影响，以及这些基因的功能富集类别和参与代谢通路，进而推测德国小蠊的高温应答分子机制。方法 以25℃环境为对照，对40℃高温处理2 h的德国小蠊成虫进行转录组测序，计算差异表达基因，利用Gene Ontology database基因功能富集数据库和Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG）基因及基因组京都信息数据库分析基因功能富集和代谢途径。结果 测序数据经筛选后，得到93 725 712个读序，计算生成高温应答上调表达基因524个、下调表达基因525个。高温应答基因功能富集到14个类别和30个KEGG代谢途径，基因分类包括真菌防御反应、胁迫应答、苯丙氨酸4单加氧酶活性、L苯丙氨酸分解代谢、细胞外区、色氨酸5单加氧酶活性、芳香化酶活性、铁离子结合、氨基酸结合、膜结合细胞器、内质网膜、氧化还原酶活性、羧酸酯水解酶活性和信息素应答等方面。结论 德国小蠊可能从真菌防御反应、胁迫应答等几个方面应对高温胁迫，为揭示德国小蠊高温应答和耐受分子机制提供基础。

关键词: 德国小蠊, 高温, 基因表达