Genetic structure of Anopheles lesteri populations in China based on microsatellite loci

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.05.004

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To determine the genetic variation and structure of Anopheles lesteri populations in China using microsatellite loci, and to explore the factors affecting population genetic differentiation. Methods Adult mosquitoes were captured using a sucking tube. An. lesteri was identified based on morphology and rDNA ITS2. Genescan was performed in 9 microsatellite loci. Based on the fragment length polymorphism of microsatellite DNA, genetic diversity within and between populations were calculated. Structure software was used to estimate cluster number and effective population size. Results A total of 216 An. lesteri adults were identified in 17 collection sites, which were pooled into 9 populations for analysis. The mean number of alleles in the populations of An. lesteri ranged from 3.22 to 7.44, the mean expected heterozygosity and the observed heterozygosity were 0.48-0.71 and 0.33-0.47, respectively. The pairwise fixation index ranged from -0.01 to 0.25 (mean, 0.13). The variation within populations (86.55%) was greater than variation between populations (13.45%) that was positively correlated with geographic distance. Structure software showed that An. lesteri populations could be divided into cluster I (populations from Guangdong and Liaoning provinces of China) and cluster II (populations from Hainan, Hubei, Henan, Yunnan, and Sichuan provinces of China, and South Korea). Conclusion The genetic variation of An. lesteri populations in China mainly exists among individuals, with moderate variation levels, and the genetic structure of populations follows the isolation-by-distance model. An. lesteri belongs to two gene pools. Yunnan population was the original gene pool, which gradually migrated to east and north of China and led to the appearance of individuals in the second gene pool.

Key words: Anopheles lesteri, Microsatellite loci, Population genetics, Population structure

摘要： 目的应用微卫星DNA检测中国雷氏按蚊群体的遗传差异和结构，探讨群体遗传分化的影响因素。方法用吸蚊管人工吸取成蚊，依据形态与核糖体DNA第2内转录间隔区分子特征鉴定雷氏按蚊，对9个微卫星位点进行基因扫描，基于微卫星DNA的片段长度多态性，计算群体内和群体间的遗传差异，Structure软件推论分支数，并计算有效群体规模。结果在17个采集地获取雷氏按蚊216只，合并为9个群体进行分析。雷氏按蚊群体平均等位基因数范围为3.22～7.44，平均期望杂合度和观察杂合度范围分别为0.48～0.71和0.33～0.47；群体间固定指数范围为-0.01～0.25，平均为0.13；群体内的遗传变异（86.55%）远大于群体间（13.45%），群体间的遗传变异水平与地理距离呈正相关。Structure结果显示雷氏按蚊群体可划分成2支，第Ⅰ支包括辽宁和广东群体，第Ⅱ支包括我国的海南、湖北、河南、云南、四川群体和韩国群体。结论我国雷氏按蚊群体的遗传变异主要存在于群体个体间，其变异水平中等，群体遗传结构符合地理隔离模型。研究结果提示雷氏按蚊属于2个基因库，云南群体为原始基因库，向东、北方向扩散的过程中，逐渐出现另一基因库的个体。

关键词: 雷氏按蚊, 微卫星DNA, 群体遗传, 群体结构

CLC Number:

R384.1

ZHOU Qiu-ming, LIN Lin, DONG Hao-wei, YUAN Hao, BAI Jie, LI Xiang-yu, PENG Heng, MA Ya-jun. Genetic structure of Anopheles lesteri populations in China based on microsatellite loci[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2021, 32(5): 526-532.

周秋明, 林琳, 董昊炜, 袁浩, 白洁, 李翔宇, 彭恒, 马雅军. 基于多态微卫星DNA的中国雷氏按蚊群体遗传结构研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2021, 32(5): 526-532.

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