Abstract: Objective To compare the effects of mixed chow with different concentrations of Tripterygium or Curcuma on the reproductivity of Microtus mandarinus and determine the appropriate concentration of Tripterygium or Curcuma in mixed chow to reduce the rodent reproductive rate. Methods Healthy mature male and female M. mandarinus were fed with the chow that was mixed with Tripterygium or Curcuma. The palatability, ovarian and testis organ coefficients, and the number of sperms in the testes were calculated. Testicular and ovarian histological sections were prepared. The number of new-born rodents after mating in each group was calculated. Results Compared with the male control group, the male experimental group showed no significant differences in palatability when fed with 0.2 mg/kg Tripterygium-containing mixed chow (t=1.27, P=0.250) and with 0.3 mg/kg Tripterygium-containing mixed chow (t=1.42, P=0.124), and so was the comparison between female control group and female experimental group fed with 20 mg/kg Curcuma-containing mixed chow (t=1.29, P=0.243) and with 30 mg/kg Curcuma-containing mixed chow (t=1.33, P=0.134). The male experimental group fed with 0.3 mg/kg Tripterygium-containing mixed chow had the lowest testis organ coefficient (t=2.46, P=0.048), the least number of sperms in the testes (t=12.11, P=0.000), the smallest seminiferous tubule diameter (t=13.97, P=0.000), the thinnest germinal epithelium (t=18.03, P=0.000), the longest incubation period of birth (Z=1.971, P=0.050), and the least number of offspring (Z=2.003, P=0.046). The female experimental group fed with 30 mg/kg Curcuma-containing mixed chow had the smallest cross-section of the corpus luteum (t=14.17, P=0.000), the longest incubation period of birth (Z=1.973, P=0.049), and the least number of offspring (Z=2.023, P=0.043). Conclusion The chow mixed with 0.3 mg/kg Tripterygium has the strongest antifertility effect and the best palatability on male M. mandarinus, while the chow mixed with 30 mg/kg Curcuma has the strongest antifertility effect and the best palatability on female M. mandarinus. But it requires further investigation in order to apply the mixed chow reported in this paper as a green rodenticide in farmland and woodland.

Key words: Microtus mandarinus, Plant sterilant, Tripterygium, Curcuma

摘要： 目的 比较含有不同浓度雷公藤和莪术的混合饵料对棕色田鼠生殖功能的影响,计算出雷公藤和莪术配制成混合饵料降低鼠类繁殖率的适合浓度。方法 用拌有雷公藤或莪术的混合饵料喂食健康性成熟雌雄棕色田鼠;计算适口性,睾丸、卵巢脏器系数,睾丸中精子数量;制作睾丸、卵巢组织学切片,统计合笼后的产仔情况。结果 食用30 d雷公藤或莪术的混合饵料后,雄性棕色田鼠对0.2 mg/kg(t=1.27,P=0.250)和0.3 mg/kg(t=1.42,P=0.124)雷公藤的混合饵料,雌性棕色田鼠对20 mg/kg(t=1.29,P=0.243)和30 mg/kg (t=1.33,P=0.134)莪术混合饵料的适口性与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义。食用0.3 mg/kg混合饵料的雄性睾丸脏器系数最小(t=2.64,P=0.035),睾丸中精子数量最少(t=12.11,P=0.000),生精小管管径最小(t=13.97,P=0.000),生殖上皮最薄(t=18.03,P=0.000);产仔潜伏期最长(Z=1.971,P=0.050),产仔数量最少(Z=2.003,P=0.046)。食用30 mg/kg混合饵料的雌性卵巢脏器系数最小(t=2.97,P=0.012),黄体最大横截面积最小(t=14.17,P=0.000),产仔潜伏期最长(Z=1.973,P=0.049),产仔数量最少(Z=2.023,P=0.043)。结论 配制的0.3 mg/kg雷公藤混合饵料与30 mg/kg莪术混合饵料对棕色田鼠的抗生育效果最明显,且适口性最好;作为绿色环保型鼠药应用到农田、林地还有待于进一步研究。

关键词: 棕色田鼠, 植物不育剂, 雷公藤, 莪术