Objective To investigate the species, geographical distribution and activity of Diptera, Tabanidae of Qinghai province, China, and provide scientific basis for Qinghai province to control the harm of the Tabanidae. Methods Capturing with nets, trapping tent luring with person or livestock and device were used to collect Tabanidae, with related references collected in 2014-2015. Results In total 31 species of 5 genera of Tabanidae were obtained. The percentages were Chrysops and Tabanus 12.90%(4/31), Hybomitra 54.84%(17/31). Geographical distribution for most of these insects, especially of Chrysops, Haematopota, Hybomitra and Tabanus were in the south of Qinghai plateau; Atylotus and Hybomitra were found in the southern mountainous where Atylous misers were predominant species; Hybomitra and Atylotus were collected in the Qaidam Basin where H. zaitzevi were predominant species. Ecological habit H. zaitzevi Olsufjev of Geermu showed activities from June to September, peak in July. They usually fly from 09:00 to 20:00. The peak of their activities was during 15:00-18:00 and reached the maximum in about 17:00 every single day. Conclusion There are relatively abundant species of Tabanidae in Qinghai and they are widely distributed in the province, H. zaitzevi is predominant species, the activity peak of it is in July.