【Abstract】　Objective　To know about the mosquito density in Beijing city and Olympic venues by questionnaire. Methods　Seven districts and seven Olympic venues were chosen to implement questionnaire survey by stratified random sampling. Results　According to survey in the indoor environment, 92.31% of the respondents thought there were only a few mosquitoes in Beijing city, and 96.02% of the respondents thought there were few mosquitoes in Olympic venues. For the outdoor environment, there were 77.81% of the respondents who considered few mosquitoes in Beijing and 97.26% of the respondents considered that few mosquitoes was in the Olympic venues. About 69.85% of the respondents thought there were fewer mosquitoes in 2008 than in 2007 in Beijing. There were 80.60% of the respondents considered Olympic venues were good. Conclusion　The mosquito density in both the indoor and outdoor environment in Olympic venues was lower than that in Beijing city, and the mosquito density in 2008 was lower than that in 2007.

　　【Abstract】　Objective　To know about the density and seasonal fluctuation of main vectors at National Stadium by the surveillance, develop and implement the special strategy and control, in order to avoid the harmfulness caused by vectors during the opening and closing ceremony of Olympic Games. Methods　Night trapping method was used for the surveillance of rats, CO₂ trapping lamp method for the adult mosquitoes, lava-spoon method and check-container method for larva, baited cage trapping method for the flies and paste catching method for cockroaches. The integrated method was used for the vector prevention and control such as rats, mosquitoes, flies and cockroaches. The control effect was evaluated by density surveillance and questionnaire. Results　There were 84 spoons sampled from large-scale water, and the positive spoon was 0. A total of 46 containers were checked at the stadium, and no positive container was found. There was no response on the infestation of vectors at the opening and closing ceremony of the Olympic Games by questionnaires to 220 people, and nobody was bitten or annoyed by vectors. Conclusion　The strategy and method of vector control especially at the opening and closing ceremony of Olympic Games were successful and effective, which not only provided the safeguard for the opening and closing ceremony but also realized the aim without vector harm.

　　【Abstract】　Objective　To study the influence of main meteorological parameters on the mosquito density. Methods　With the data of mosquito density from 2005 to 2007 provided by Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the meteorological data such as average temperature, average minimum temperature, average maximum temperature, rainfall, rainy days, sunshine time, relative humidity and average wind speed, a multiple stepwise regression would be made with statistical software SAS 9.0. Results　The multiple regression co-linearity results showed there was strong linear relationship among average temperature，average minimum temperature and average minimum temperature. The multiple stepwise regression equation was y＝0.533 97X2＋0.078 14X7－2.673 29X8－2.232 56 （X2,  X7 and X8  represented average minimum temperature, relative humidity and average wind speed, respectively）. Conclusion　The main meteorological parameters closely related to mosquito density were average minimum temperature, relative humidity and average wind speed. The order which affected mosquito density was in turn average minimum temperature, average wind speed and relative humidity

Objective To develop and implement effective strategies and measures of vector control in order to avoid the harmfulness caused by vectors during the Olympic Games,by analyzing the risks and challenges in vector control.Methods The risk of vector-borne diseases occurrence,nuisance and adverse impact caused by vectors was advanced by analyzing the species,density and the damage of vectors in recent years in Beijing.Control strategies were established according to the monitoring results of the vector population density,resistance and the pathogens in Olympic venues and in urban areas during 2005-2008,as well as the selection of effective control method and management measures.Results The risk of vector-borne diseases occurrence and nuisance caused by vectors existed in Beijing.It was the main control strategies for the vector control in the Olympic Games that included sound management mechanism,a comprehensive density monitoring,the scientific and rational use of pesticide,the consolidated vector control practices,and the organizing of emergency response team.Conclusion It produced the powerful technique support for the vector control of 2008 Olympic Games through the implementation of vectors monitoring and control,the development of vector control technology and the establishment of all kinds of vector control projects.No serious harmful events caused by vectors occurred during Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.

Objective To summarize successful experiences and heritage of vector control by analyzing the vector control efficacy in 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.Methods The density of vector was monitored comprehensively and systematically in the Olympic core area,Olympic venues and outside of Olympic venues.Large-scale vector control activities were carried out in the area within 2 km and the whole city,with Olympic venues as the key places of vector control.Results The density of vector in the Olympic venues and the whole city declined.The public health goal of the Olympic Games,which was "effective control for the quantity and species of vector in the area related to Olympic Games" was realized completely.Conclusion The measures and practices taken in the Olympic Games were effective.The unique experience,technology and control mechanisms were one of Olympic legacy,which would guide vector control practices in Beijing or the whole country in the future.

Objective To study the effect of Empire 20 in field for cookroach control and to evolute the applied prospect of chlorphrifos in China. Methods Three kinds of field,one restaurant(A1),one eatery(A2) and one bakery(A3) and two concentration Empire 20 (100 fold and 50 fold dilurtions) were selected,the cockroach densities of experiment and control were tested before and after spraying with sticktrap adhesive method,and the longlasting efficacies were observed. Results The longlasting efficacy was poor effect for cockroach at A1 and A2 experimental area. The longlasting period was about ten days for A3,and met the need for field control. Conclusion The efficacy of killing and longlasting efficacy of Empire 20 for cockroach will be better if the longlasting insecticides is reserved at the environment.

Objective To explore the relativity between the bait palatability and efficacy.Methods The palatability of baits and gel baits keeping for 0/15/30 days under natural condition were tested.The efficacy of the baits and the gel baits were tested and LT₅₀ and 72 h mortality were calculated respectively.The relativity between palatability and efficacy was checked up.Results It is relative between palatability and efficacy of the baits and the gel baits keeping 0/15/30 days under natural condition.Conclusion The efficacy could be improved if palatability of the bait or gel bait was improved and holding water and antisepsis capability of gel bait under natural condition was improved.