Objective To investigate dengue fever-related knowledge level and preventive behaviors and their influencing factors in the Dai people in China-Myanmar border areas, and to provide a scientific basis for community-based dengue fever prevention and control in the border areas. Methods From December 2017 to April 2018, dengue fever-related knowledge level and preventive behaviors of the Dai people and the influencing factors were investigated using sampling questionnaire survey (household survey of householders) combined with in-depth interview of key opinion leaders (KOLs) and participatory observation in three types of communities (classified according to the incidence of dengue fever in 2017, i.e., high, medium, and low or none) in Xishuangbanna (XSBN), Yunnan province, China and Shan State Special Region 4 (SR4), Myanmar. The awareness rates were compared using chi-square test, and the influencing factors were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results A total of 259 and 261 questionnaires were completed in XSBN and SR4 of Myanmar, respectively. Eighteen KOLs were interviewed in depth. In XSBN, the proportion of householders who knew that spotted mosquitoes or Aedes mosquitoes are vectors for dengue fever and the proportion of householders who knew that water containers are breeding sites of Aedes mosquitoes and their larvae were 76.08% (95%CI:70.44%-81.23%) and 89.07% (95%CI:84.53%-92.70%), respectively; the proportion of households which were reported to have a habit of turning over pots was 94.64%(95%CI:91.20%-97.01%). In SR4 of Myanmar, the above three proportions were 14.29%(95%CI:10.19%-19.10%), 24.32%(95%CI:19.22%-30.02%) and 72.76%(95%CI:64.44%-79.83%), respectively. The dengue fever-related knowledge level and preventive behavior performance rate of the Dai people were significantly higher in XSBN than in SR4 of Myanmar (χ²=41.004, P<0.001). The results of a logistic regression analysis showed that there were a higher dengue fever vector control performance rate in communities historically struck by dengue fever (OR=23.90, 95%CI:3.07-185.82) and a lower vector control performance rate in households taking agriculture as their main economic source (OR=0.14, 95%CI:0.03-0.63) in XSBN. There was a lower vector control performance rate of households in communities historically struck by dengue fever in SR4 of Myanmar (OR=0.08, 95%CI:0.02-0.36). Age, dengue fever-related knowledge level, and awareness of the disease of householders may also influence preventive behaviors against dengue fever in SR4 (all, P<0.05). Conclusion The Dai people in XSBN have a higher knowledge level of dengue fever, but their preventive behaviors need to be maintained by strengthened management. The preventive behaviors of the inhabitants in SR4 of Myanmar need to be boosted by further communication for behavioral change in addition to reinforced organizational safeguard.

Objective To explore the effective strategies for strengthening malaria control and prevention for ethnic minorities in the remote and poor mountainous areas. Methods Community mobilization, biomedical and behavioral intervention for malaria control were undertaken to promote the local residents economical, geographical, informational and cultural accessibility. Results The residents’knowledge on malaria transmission and prevention, symptoms and medical consultation got increased significantly. Compared with the parameters before the intervention，the odds ratios(OR)of people sleeping in insecticide- treated mosquito nets(ITNs)the night before the final evaluation survey, febrile patients seeking medical attention within 24 hours of onset, and utilizing the public health services for treatment were 37.85%(95％CI: 27.69%-51.88%), 22.28%(6.06%-96.87%) and 7.94%(1.78%-49.54%)respectively. The OR of the annual incidence, the smear positive rate of febrile patients and the indirect fluorescence antibody positive rate of people with a history of fever in the past year were 0.16%(0.08%-0.32%), 0.20% (0.10%-0.39%)and 0.34%(0.22%-0.51%)respectively. Conclusion Community mobilization in combination with biomedical and behavioral interventions for the control and prevention of malaria can effectively lower the incidence and prevalence of malaria in the local area.

【Abstract】　Objective　To explore the strategies promoting the use of insecticide?treated mosquito nets （ITNs）among ethnic minority residents by behavior change communication（BCC）. Methods　The knowledge and awareness of target population on malaria control was increased by intensive health education. The environment leading to behavior change was created by community mobilization. High subsidies were supplied and material barriers were overcame. Results　Person?net ratios were changed from 12.67∶1 to 1.64∶1 after intervention. The knowledge known by population on malaria transmission and prevention got improved significantly (P＜0.01). Proportions of people sleeping in nets were increased from 16.11％(95％ confidence interval：14.94%-17.33％) to 87.91％(84.56%-90.74%) (P＜0.01) after intervention. Conclusion　BCC strategies successfully promoted corrective use of ITNs, decreasing malaria incidence and prevalence with other measures together.

Objective To learn the mosquito community characteristics in rice fields and the effect of rice coverage on it;to explore surveying and analyzing methods of mosquito communities in large water bodies.Methods At different rice development stage,1 000 ml dips were used to collect mosquito larvae.The data were analyzed by computer for statistics and community characteristics.Results In this community,there were 9 species of 3 subgenera of 2 genera in subfamilies Anophelinae and Culicinae.Shannon-Wiener diversity and homogeneity indexes of the community were respectively 1.072 and 0.488,Dominances of Anopheles sinensis,Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and Culex fuscocephala were 67.69,32.65 and 17.65;and dominance centralization index was 0.447.There was positive correlation among the 3 dominant species and negative correlation between rice growing coverage and mean larvae densities( r<、I>=-0.76,95% confidence interval:-0.61～-0.97).Conclusion There were a few of mosquito species with simple form and structure in the rice field,however the mosquito community was stable and suitable species combination.The larvae densities were declining with rice growing coverage.

Objective:To understand the role of human race and vector behaviors in malaria transmission.Methods:Behaviors of Anopheles minimus in resting,man-biting and night-acting were observed for one year at the three selected sites.The subjects were interviewed person by person by using human behavior questionnaires,meanwhile,a serological sample was collected from each subject and then detected in lab.The data were analyzed by statistics.Results:Resting density and nearby man-biting rates of An.minmus were completely correlative(r=1).Indirect fluorescence antibody test(IFAT) positive rates were positively correlated with man-biting rates(r=0.69) and resting densities(r =0.62) respectively.Human outdoor sleeping behaviors,over-night in field shacks and going to bed after active peak of An.minmus(22∶00pm) increased significantly malarial infection.Not only the size of An.minmus population affected IFAT positive rates,but also the length of its annual activity time and the degree of human exposure to its bite too.Conclusion:Human and vector behaviors are important determining factors in malaria transmission.