Objective To investigate the relationship between temperature and the risk of flea infection in Lasiopodomys brandtii in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Inner Mongolia), China, so as to provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control of the occurrence and prevalence of plague and other diseases. Methods From 2021 to 2022, rodents were sampled and investigated by the snap-trap and cage-trap methods in 1 banner of Hulun Buir Ciry and 2 banners (cities) of Xilin Gol League in Inner Mongolia. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between temperature and the risk of flea infection in L. brandtii. Results A total of 844 L. brandtii were included in this study, of which 297 rodents were infected with fleas and 547 rodents were uninfected. The results showed that the effects of mean monthly temperature and mean monthly minimum temperature lagging for 0,1, and 2 months on the risk of flea infection in L. brandtii were statistically significant, with the odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] values of 1.26 (1.16-1.36), 1.35 (1.23-1.47), 1.50 (1.22-1.85), 1.23 (1.15-1.32), 1.35 (1.23-1.48), and 1.73 (1.37-2.19), respectively. The mean monthly maximum temperature lagging for 0 and 1 month increased the risk of flea infection in L. brandtii, with the OR (95%CI) values of 1.30 (1.18-1.43) and 1.37 (1.25-1.51), respectively. In the adult and elderly groups, male and female groups, the effect of temperature rise on the risk of flea infection in L. brandtii was statistically significant, with the OR (95%CI) values of 1.35 (1.20-1.53), 1.31 (1.09-1.57), 1.27 (1.12-1.43), and 1.31 (1.17-1.46), respectively. Conclusions The increase in temperature increases the risk of flea infection in L. brandtii, and there is a lag effect. With the global warming, we should pay close attention to the change in temperature and do a good job in rodent and flea control in time and personal protection, so as to prevent the occurrence of plague.
WANG Zhen-xu, LI Ke, ZHAO Ning, LI Gui-chang, LU Liang, LIU Xiao-bo, SONG Xiu-ping, LIU Qi-yong
. Association between temperature and the risk of flea infection in Lasiopodomys brandtii in Inner Mongolia， China， 2021-2022[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2025
, 36(2)
: 226
-231
.
DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2025.02.014
[1] Liu QY. Reported cases of vector-borne diseases in China，2005-2020：Epidemic trend，challenges in prevention and control，and related coping strategies[J] Chin J Vector Biol Control，2022，33（1）：1-7. DOI：10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.01.001.（in Chinese） 刘起勇. 2005－2020年我国媒介生物传染病报告病例：流行趋势、防控挑战及应对策略[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志，2022，33（1）：1-7. DOI：10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.01.001.
[2] Yang ZJ，Yin JX. Epidemic status of flea borne natural epidemic diseases in China[J]. J Baotou Med Coll，2015，31（2）：143-144. DOI：10.16833/j.cnki.jbmc.2015.02.094.（in Chinese） 杨子京，尹家祥. 我国蚤传自然疫源性疾病流行现状[J]. 包头医学院学报，2015，31（2）：143-144. DOI：10.16833/j.cnki.jbmc.2015.02.094.
[3] Zhang J，Li JY，Liu F，et al. Investigation of soil metal content in plague natural foci with Meriones unguiculatus as the host in Ordos Plateau，Inner Mongolia，China[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control，2024，35（5）：593-597. DOI：10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2024.05.015.（in Chinese） 张娇，李建云，刘芳，等. 内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯高原长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地土壤金属元素含量调查研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志，2024，35（5）：593-597. DOI：10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2024.05.015.
[4] Cong XB，Liu ZC. Plague and its control in China （2001-2010）[M]. Changchun：Jilin Science and Technology Press，2014：5-13. （in Chinese） 丛显斌，刘振才. 中国鼠疫及其防治（2001－2010）[M]. 长春：吉林科学技术出版社，2014：5-13.
[5] Li BR，Shi G，Liu J. Analysis of current situation of plague vectors in Meriones unguiculatus plague foci on Inner Mongolian Plateau[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control，2013，24（3）：249-251. （in Chinese） 李保荣，石杲，刘俊. 内蒙古高原长爪沙鼠鼠疫疫源地媒介现状分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志，2013，24（3）：249-251.
[6] Zhang L，Wei XH，Chang N，et al. Composition of parasitic fleas on rodents and spatiotemporal distribution of flea index in Xilin Gol League，Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region，China，2012-2021[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control，2023，34（1）：82-90. DOI：10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.01.015.（in Chinese） 张璐，韦晓慧，常楠，等. 内蒙古锡林郭勒盟2012－2021年鼠类寄生蚤构成和蚤指数时空分布特征分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志，2023，34（1）：82-90. DOI：10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.01.015.
[7] Abdullah S，Helps C，Tasker S，et al. Pathogens in fleas collected from cats and dogs：Distribution and prevalence in the UK[J]. Parasit Vectors，2019，12（1）：71. DOI：10.1186/s13071-019-3326-x.
[8] Liu QY. Impact of climate change on vector-borne diseases and related response strategies in China：Major research findings and recommendations for future research[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control，2021，32（1）：1-11. DOI：10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.01.001.（in Chinese） 刘起勇. 气候变化对中国媒介生物传染病的影响及应对——重大研究发现及未来研究建议[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志，2021，32（1）：1-11. DOI：10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.01.001.
[9] Wang MD，Zhou Y，Xu DD，et al. Analysis of factors affecting the abundance of parasitic fleas on wild myomorph rodents in the Yulong plague focus of Yunnan Province，southwestern China[J]. Acta Entomol Sin，2019，62（9）：1109-1116. DOI：10.16380/j.kcxb.2019.09.012.（in Chinese） 王梦迪，周芸，徐丹丹，等. 云南省玉龙鼠疫疫源地野外鼠形动物寄生蚤丰盛度影响因素分析[J]. 昆虫学报，2019，62（9）：1109-1116. DOI：10.16380/j.kcxb.2019.09.012.
[10] Sánchez S，Serrano E，Gómez MS，et al. Positive co-occurrence of flea infestation at a low biological cost in two rodent hosts in the Canary archipelago[J]. Parasitology，2014，141（4）：511-521. DOI：10.1017/S0031182013001753.
[11] Russell RE，Abbott RC，Tripp DW，et al. Local factors associated with on-host flea distributions on prairie dog colonies[J]. Ecol Evol，2018，8（17）：8951-8972. DOI：10.1002/ece3.4390.
[12] Hammond TT，Hendrickson CI，Maxwell TL，et al. Host biology and environmental variables differentially predict flea abundances for two rodent hosts in a plague-relevant system[J]. Int J Parasitol：Parasites Wildl，2019，9：174-183. DOI：10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.04.011.
[13] Alonso R，Ruiz M，Lovera R，et al. Norway rat （Rattus norvegicus） ectoparasites in livestock production systems from central Argentina：Influencing factors on parasitism[J]. Acta Trop，2020，203：105299. DOI：10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105299.
[14] Wu L，Yin JX. An overview of the relationship between fleas and environmental factors[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control，2021，32（6）：779-782. DOI：10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.06.023.（in Chinese） 武丽，尹家祥. 蚤类与环境因素关系概述[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志，2021，32（6）：779-782. DOI：10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.06.023.
[15] Kamani J，Harrus S，Nachum-Biala Y，et al. Pathogenic and endosymbiont apicomplexans in Ctenocephalides felis （Siphonaptera：Pulicidae） from cats in Jerusalem，Israel[J]. Comp Immunol，Microbiol Infect Dis，2018，57：29-33. DOI：10.1016/j.cimid.2018.03.002.
[16] Niu YF，Liu HZ，Zhang YH，et al. An analysis of the relationship between rodent fleas and meteorological factors in Meriones unguiculatus plague foci in Hebei Province，China[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control，2021，32（1）：41-44. DOI：10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.01.008.（in Chinese） 牛艳芬，刘合智，张懿晖，等. 河北省长爪沙鼠鼠疫疫源地鼠体蚤与气象因素关系分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志，2021，32（1）：41-44. DOI：10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.01.008.
[17] Moore SM，Monaghan A，Borchert JN，et al. Seasonal fluctuations of small mammal and flea communities in a Ugandan plague focus：Evidence to implicate Arvicanthis niloticus and Crocidura spp. as key hosts in Yersinia pestis transmission[J]. Parasit Vectors，2015，8：11. DOI：10.1186/s13071-014-0616-1.
[18] Li K，Wang ZX，Wei XH，et al. Relationships between meteorological factors and Mongolian gerbils and its flea burdens：Xilingol League，Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region，China，2012-2021[J]. China CDC Wkly，2024，6（23）：547-552. DOI：10.46234/ccdcw2024.107.
[19] Wang DS，Xu DQ，Ge PF，et al. The relationship between fleas density of Spermophilus alaschanicue and host density and meteorological factors[J]. Chin J Endemiol，2018，37（12）：965-968. DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-4255.2018.12.004.（in Chinese） 王鼎盛，徐大琴，格鹏飞，等. 阿拉善黄鼠寄生蚤数量与宿主数量和气象因素的关系[J]. 中华地方病学杂志，2018，37（12）：965-968. DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-4255.2018.12.004.
