Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis in Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, so as to provide reference data for the prevention and control of visceral leishmaniasis in this region. Methods The information on reported cases of visceral leishmaniasis in Kashgar from 2010 to 2023 was collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the temporal, special, and population distribution of visceral leishmaniasis. Results A total of 978 cases of visceral leishmaniasis were reported in Kashgar from 2010 to 2023, all of which were local cases. The disease remained endemic in this region, with significant fluctuations in incidence rates. Over time, its progression could be categorized into four stages: from 2010 to 2013, the incidence rate declined; from 2014 to 2016, there was a resurgence with continuously high incidence, peaking in 2015; from 2017 to 2020, the incidence declined again, with no reported cases in 2020; from 2021 to 2023, sporadic cases were persistently reported, indicating a slow increase in incidence. The incidence of this disease in this region showed strong seasonality, with the main peak period from October to December and a minor peak period in April. Visceral leishmaniasis was widespread in this region, especially in the desert edge areas. Cases were mainly reported in Jiashi County, Kashgar City and Bachu County. The number of reported cases in these areas accounted for 89.98% of the total number of reported cases in Kashgar Prefecture. Visceral leishmaniasis in this area was mainly of wild animal origin and human origin. There was a significant difference in the age distribution of cases between the two disease origins. Wildlife-originated cases predominantly occurred in children under three years old (762, 96.99%), with infants aged 12 months or younger (696, 90.98%) being the most affected, whereas the human-originated cases were observed across all age groups. Conclusions In recent years, visceral leishmaniasis was continuously reported throughout the Kashgar Prefecture, with localized outbreaks occurring in certain areas. The age distribution of visceral leishmaniasis patients in this region was concentrated in infants and young children. There were significant differences in the age distribution of patients with visceral leishmaniasis of different origins. Further research is needed to better understand its epidemiological patterns and targeted prevention and control measures should be strengthened to curb outbreaks and protect the life and health of the public, especially infants and young children.
LI Jiao, WANG Xi-jiang, AN Yun-ping, CHEN Yue
. Epidemiological characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis cases in Kashgar Prefecture， Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region， China， 2010-2023[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2025
, 36(2)
: 201
-206
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DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2025.02.011
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