Objective To analyze the surveillance data on host animals of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Yuanzhou District, Guyuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, to determine the distribution and infection status of host animals of HFRS, so as to provide a basis for the prevention, control, early warning, and prediction of HFRS in the area. Methods From 2020 to 2023, small mammals were captured by the night-snap trapping method in both the wild area and residential area in Yuanzhou District, Guyuan in the spring and autumn in accordance with the National Surveillance Program for Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome. Taxonomic identification was conducted, and the density and distribution characteristics of small mammals were analyzed. Lung and blood samples were collected from the trapped small mammals for detection of Hantavirus antigens using direct immunofluorescence method and antibodies with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The rates were compared using the Chi-square test. Results A total of 795 small mammals were captured from 2020 to 2023. The annual density of small mammals was less than 2.00% capture rate. The small mammal density was higher in autumn than in spring (χ2=22.326, P<0.001), and higher in the residential area than in the wild area (χ2=278.319, P<0.001). The density of small mammals in the wild area of each surveillance town was less than 1.00%, where the small mammals captured were mainly Apodemus agrarius (38.14%), Cricetulus longicaudatus (29.38%), and A. peninsulae (18.56%). The density of small mammals in the residential area was greater than 1.00%, where the small mammals captured were Rattus norvegicus (62.06%) and Mus musculus (37.94%). The proportion of A. agrarius in the wild area and R. norvegicus in the residential area in autumn was higher than that in spring (χ2=6.269, P=0.012; χ2=52.511, P<0.001). The antibody positive rate in blood samples of the captured small mammals was higher than the antigen positive rate in lung samples (χ2=187.756, P<0.001). Hantavirus was only detected in A. agrarius and A. peninsulae in the wild area. The infection rate of M. musculus in the residential area was higher than that of R. norvegicus (χ2=22.340, P<0.001). Conclusions The current overall density of small mammals in Yuanzhou District, Guyuan is relatively low, with residential areas having higher densities than wild areas and autumn being higher than spring. It is recommended to strengthen surveillance, deratization, vaccination work, while improving the early identification, diagnosis and treatment capacity of medical personnel for HFRS.
LI Tao, HOU Hai-long, LI Ming-zhu, ZHAN Jun, GONG Rui, YANG Dong-zhi
. Surveillance analysis of host animals of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Yuanzhou District, Guyuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, 2020-2023[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2024
, 35(6)
: 664
-670
.
DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2024.06.007
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