Objective To investigate the species composition,geographical distribution,and seasonal fluctuation of ticks in Saihanba National Nature Reserve (Saihanba Reserve) of Hebei Province,China,and to provide a basis for tick prevention and control.Methods From March to December 2018,questing ticks were collected by flag-dragging in different habitats in Saihanba Reserve,and parasitic ticks were captured from host animals'body surface.The species composition,distribution,and seasonal fluctuation of ticks were investigated.Excel 2010 and SPSS 21.0 softwares were used for data statistics and analysis.The number and parasitic intensity of ticks were compared between different habitats and hosts by the Chi-square test.Results A total of 601 ticks of 1 family,3 genera,and 3 species were collected;the number of Ixodes persulcatus was the most numeous,accounting for 64.56%(388/601) of the total number;Haemaphysalis longicornis accounted for 28.62%(172/601);Dermacentor silvarum was the fewest,accounting for 6.82%(41/601).A total of 458 questing ticks were collected;the number of questing ticks showed a significant difference between different habitats (χ2=96.506,P<0.001),with the most ticks collected in shrubs and grasslands,accounting for 58.52%(268/458),and the fewest ticks in needle-leaved forests,accounting for 9.39%(43/458).A total of 143 parasitic ticks were collected,with an overall infestation rate of 41.38% and a parasitic intensity of 3.97 in host animals.The number of parasitic ticks showed a significant difference between different hosts (χ2=16.106,P<0.001);the infestation rate was 46.00% in sheep and 35.14% in rodents.In Saihanba Reserve,ticks were encountered in March,and the number of ticks maintained at a high level from May to August.From October to December,the number of ticks declined sharply until disappearing.Adults of I. persulcatus showed a peak in early June,and nymphs and larvae were at their peaks in early August.Additionally,D. silvarum and H. longicornis increased to their peaks in August.There was a significant difference between different tick species (χ2=31.437,P<0.001).Conclusion There are diverse species of ticks in Saihanba Reserve,and I. persulcatus is the dominant species in this region.The distribution of ticks varies significantly in different habitats,and the questing ticks are more prevalent in shrubs and grasslands.The population of ticks reaches to its peak in summer,a tourist season of Saihanba Reserve.
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