Objective To investigate the density, seasonal variation, and distribution of the dengue vector Aedes in Anhui province of China, and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of dengue fever. Methods Breteau index (BI, from May to October in 2015-2019) and the double mosquito net method (from May to October in 2015) were used for the surveillance of the dengue vector Aedes in 16 cities of Anhui province, and to analyze the density and distribution of Aedes. Excel 2007 and SPSS 17.0 softwares were used for analysis, and the F test was used to analyze the difference in container index (CI) between different breeding sites. Results In 2015-2019, the BI of Ae. albopictus larvae ranged from 8.87 to 12.05, and the CI of Ae. albopictus larvae ranged from 7.21 to 9.17. The peak values of BI and CI were mainly observed in July to September. Idle containers were the most important breeding site, accounting for 47.97% of all breeding sites. There was a statistical difference in CI between different breeding sites (F=27.856, P=0.010). In May to October of 2015, the mean density of adult Ae. albopictus mosquitoes ranged from 0.67 to 5.87 mosquitoes/net∙hour, and the peak value was observed in July to August. Conclusion Ae. albopictus is widely distributed and has a relatively high density in Anhui province, and there is a high risk of the occurrence and prevalence of dengue fever. Therefore, integrated management should be strengthened to prevent mosquito infestation.
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