Objective To analyze the number and composition of Meriones unguiculatus nest fleas in Kangbao pasture, a natural plague focus in Hebei province, China, 2016-2019, to study the changes in the number of M. unguiculatus nest fleas, and to explore a statistical method for analyzing the seasonal distribution of plague vector fleas. Methods Based on the average flea index of M. unguiculatus nest fleas in different months of 2016-2019, the seasonal distribution of the nest fleas was analyzed by the concentration degree method and circular distribution method. The Watson-Williams test was used for hypothesis testing. Results A total of 138 M. unguiculatus nests were detected, in which 35 nests (25.36%) were infested by fleas. In total, 317 fleas were collected, involving 5 species of 4 genera of 3 families. The average flea index was 2.30. Through the year, the number of fleas collected was largest in July, second largest in October, and then in September. Neopsylla bidentatiformis, Nosopsyllus laeviceps kuzenkovi, and N. abagaitui showed double peaks, while Frontopsylla luculenta and Citellophilus tesquorurn mongolicus showed a single peak. According to the concentration degree analysis, the M value was 0.5-0.7 in 2016 and 2017, >0.9 in 2018, and 0.7-0.9 in 2019. The circular distribution analysis found that there was no angular mean in 2016; there were angular means in 2017-2019, but the means were not equal (F=3 714.353, P<0.05). For 2017 and 2019, the mean angle existed, and a=115.76° (r=0.535, Z=21.007, P<0.001); the increase of the number of M. unguiculatus nest fleas peaked on April 27-28, with the peak period during February 20 to July 1. For 2018, the mean angle existed, and a=167.24° (r=0.995, Z=6.806, P<0.001); the peak point of the increase was on June 18-19, and the peak period was from June 8 to June 30. Conclusion The concentration degree method and circular distribution method show that the change in the number of M. unguiculatus nest fleas is seasonal, with the peak point at the beginning of summer and the peak period during spring and summer, which is consistent with the seasonal fluctuation curve. Both methods can be used to study the seasonal fluctuation of fleas. The concentration degree is suitable for data exploration, and the circular distribution method is suitable for determination of peak point and peak period.
KANG Dong-mei, NIU Yan-fen, YAN Dong, LIU Guan-chun, CUI Yao-ren, DU Guo-yi, LAN Xiao-yu, HOU Zhi-lin, REN Xing-yu, YAN Ping, MENG Feng-xia
. Seasonal distribution of Meriones unguiculatus nest fleas in Kangbao pasture, a natural plague focus of Hebei province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2021
, 32(3)
: 276
-281
.
DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.03.004
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