Objective To implement sustainable vector control strategies and measures for Japanese encephalitis (JE) by carrying out integrated mosquito prevention and control (IMPC) in developing rural areas of Gansu province as a health, poverty alleviation, and public welfare activity in 2019, and to provide a IMPC package for mosquito control in high-prevalence areas of JE in China. Methods The activity was jointly proposed by professional institutes and social organizations, technically guided by disease control specialists, and implemented by several enterprises and voluntary teams engaged in pest control operation (PCO). Zhaoshi village in Bali town, Jingning county, Pingliang, Gansu province, with the highest incidence rate of JE in 2017, was selected, and integrated management strategies were carried out, including public education for villagers, thorough elimination of mosquito larvae breeding sites, and chemical control in key areas. During the activity, the lamp trapping method was used to monitor the change in mosquito density to evaluate the effect of integrated mosquito control. Results A total of 41 enterprises participated in the activity, and 19 technical specialists and 37 PCO volunteers formed the team of volunteers. Investigation before control showed that bonsai, aquatic plants, cisterns, tanks, and basins were the main containers for water accumulation, with a positive rate of water accumulation of 34.32% and a 100-household index of 85.33. Main mosquito breeding sites in the external environment within and around the village included pipe wells, sewer water, open channels, sewage lagoons, unused bowls/bottles/tanks/cans, and waste tires, with a positive rate of 17.31%. The results of monitoring before control showed that the density of adult mosquitoes was 50.33 mosquitoes/trap/night, and Culex tritaeniorhynchus was the dominant species accounting for 80.13%, followed by Cx. pipiens pallens accounting for 12.91% and Anopheles sinensis accounting for 5.96%. After the first time of prevention and control, the density of adult mosquitoes was reduced to 11.60 mosquitoes/trap/night, with Cx. pipiens pallens accounting for 43.11%, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus accounting for 17.24%, An. sinensis accounting for 5.17%, and other mosquito species accounting for 34.48%, and the mean reduction rate of mosquito density was 76.95%. After the second time of prevention and control, the total mosquito density was reduced to 6.67 mosquitoes/trap/night, with An. sinensis accounting for 42.50%, Cx. pipiens pallens accounting for 17.50%, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus accounting for 15.00%, and other mosquito species accounting for 25.00%; the mean reduction rate of mosquito density was 86.75%, and the reduction rate of peasant households reached 100%. With the implementation of integrated mosquito prevention and control measures, the composition ratio of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus decreased from 80.13% to 15.00%. There was a significant reduction in mosquito larvae breeding sites after on-site public education and treatment, with a reduction rate of 93.24% based on container index. Conclusion The sustainable mosquito control mode of monitoring, control, and evaluation has a good effect in spreading the knowledge of mosquito prevention and control and reducing mosquito density and can be widely used in the high-prevalence areas of JE in China. Such measures should be taken in accordance with local conditions to achieve a better effect.
MENG Feng-xia, SUN Yang-xin, WU Zhao, WU Hai-xia, ZHAO Chun-chun, JIA Yu-xin, LI Zhi-ping, MAO Wen-xiu, LUN Xin-chang, ZHANG Peng-ju, YAN Jun, LYU Wen, QIU Liu-yu, LIU Qi-yong
. Integrated mosquito prevention and control package and efficacy evaluation in the endemic area of Japanese encephalitis in Jingning county of Gansu province, China, 2019[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2021
, 32(2)
: 144
-149
.
DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.02.005
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