Objective To analyze the practice of vector control during the G20 Hangzhou Summit and summarize the working experience, and to provide a reference for vector control in important activities. Methods Through the analysis of possible vector risks during the G20 Hangzhou Summit in 2016, a plan system following the guidance of being overall, special, thematic, and individualized and suitable for the characteristics of Hangzhou's geographical climate and vector biology was established. A four-level prevention and control system based on responsibility implementation was constructed, and a professional and technical team with a complete range of technologies was set up. An emergency mechanism for urban disease prevention and venues protection was established. Together with the implementation of a comprehensive control strategy, carry out a publicity campaign with distinct themes and progressive stages. The working model of prevention and control was monitoring-oriented, based on a hierarchical and overall supervision and guidance system. All of the work was carried out to guarantee the vector control during the G20 Hangzhou Summit. Results No reported vector infringement, vector-borne infectious diseases, complaints of vector infestation, or dissemination of adverse information was reported. In the early stage of the Summit, the key indicators of mosquitoes, flies, rodents, and cockroaches in the core areas were at a low level, and the mean number of mosquito larvae (or pupae) per spoon, the positive rate of fly breeding sites, and the route index of rodents dropped to 0. Compared with those in May, the route index of mosquito larvae and Breteau index before G20 Hangzhou Summit (August) decreased by 79.4% and 73.9% in the core areas, and the positive rates of indoor cockroach trace, rodent trace, and fly larvae breeding sites decreased by 69.0%, 66.1%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusion Through the establishment of vector prevention system, implementation of responsibility, promotion of participation of the whole population, and carrying out of the comprehensive prevention strategies, no incidents of vector infringement, vector-borne infectious diseases, complaints about vector invasion, and bad media information dissemination have been achieved, thus providing a reference for vector control in important activities in China.