Dengue viruses could be transmitted vertically by vector Aedes mosquitoes, and survive a long time in diapausing eggs and then disseminate with these eggs. Therefore, vertical transmission has been suggested to be a possible mechanism for the persistence of dengue fever viruses during adverse conditions for horizontal transmission. However, it is unclear how widespread it is in nature, and its importance in the epidemiology of this disease is still debated. Here, we review the literature on the relationships of viral vertical transmission and Aedes diapause, to discuss how dengue fever viruses survive during cold winter or inter-epidemic phase and then transit to next epidemic season. This review will provide some references for the research on dengue fever monitoring and controlling.
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