Objective To know the habitats and population distribution of the main vectors for the Water Sport Event in the 13^th China National Games, to provide basis of making scientific control measures. Methods According to The protocol of vector surveillance in Tianjin, developing the survey of the habitats and population distribution of the main vectors in the Water Sport Event from June to July 2017. Results The main vectors in the Water Sport Event in the 13^th National Games were mosquitoes and rodents. There was potential risk of mosquito breeding in river bank, landscape belt and demolition zones. The mosquito densities were 38.50 and 43.96 mosquitoes per light trap per hour. The reed marshes and small-scale pond provided the breeding places for mosquito larvae, the indexes were 12.00 and 9.17 larvae per dip. Rodents prevailed at 2.15% and 1.54% capture rate in the demolition zones. Conclusion The careful surveillance of the main vectors provided basis for making effective integrated control measures, and it is the key factor of successful vector control for the Water Sport Event in the 13^th National Games in China.