Objective To investigate the breeding situation of mosquito larvae in the urban area of Wuhan city, China and to provide scientific evidence for mosquito control. Methods To investigate the breeding situation of mosquito larvae in 16 different areas of Wuhan city from May to October 2016. Direct observation was used to investigate the breeding of mosquitoes in small collected waters and containers, and visual observation combined with dip sampling were used to investigate the breeding of mosquitoes in large and medium-sized water bodies. The positive rate of small collected water between different months was compared with χ² test(Bonferroni correction in group), and P < 0.05 was statistically significant. Results A total of 1 527 positive sites were found in 7 789 small collected waters and containers, with a mean positive rate of 19.6%(7.0%-31.4%). Governmental agencies, enterprises and institutions accounted for the most of the total number of the aquatic habitats of 14.7%(11 47/7 789); In the window unit, the positive rate was the highest, accounted for 31.4%; the positive rate in June was the highest, accounted for 25.7% and lowest in October, accounted for 10.3%(χ²=109.097, P < 0.001). The mean positive rate was 12.2% in the large and medium-sized water bodies, such as square fountains, park landscape waters, sewage ditches. Conclusion The mosquito breeding situation of different types of units (places) in different districts of Wuhan city is basically ascertained, which provides the background information for the accurate mosquito control work in the future.