Objective To investigate the distribution and the gene characteristics of Hantavirus (HV) carryied by rodents in the epidemic area of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Methods According to the distribution of hemorrhagic fever in Hebei province, six areas were selected as the focus research areas. The residential area and the field of six regions above were sampled respectively and night trap method was used for catching the rodents. The multiplex genotype RT-PCR was used to detect the HV genotype. Results During 2015 and 2016, the field average rodent density was 0.44%, and residential average rodent density was 2.77%. The difference was statistically significant (χ²=317.995, P<0.001). Rattus norvegicus was the predominant in residential areas and field, accounted for 84.12% and 92.50% of the total catch, respectively. The average positive rate was about 2.85% (35/1 228), the positive rate of the rodent in residential area was about 2.98% (33/1 108), the rate of rodent with virus was 1.67% (2/120), the positive rate of rodent in residential area was higher than that in the field, the difference was statistically significant (χ²=37.780, P<0.05). All viral isolates belonged to SEOV. Conclusion Rattus norvegicus was predominant species, which is the main source of infection of local HFRS. SEOV was the predominant genotype carried by host animals.