Objective To investigate the community composition of the flies and their densities in different seasons and habitats in Changsha city, China, and to provide a scientific basis for fly control. Methods From April to December of each year, the cage traps were set up in the following habitats:farm produce markets, restaurants, greenbelts and residential areas. Then the statistical analysis was carried out on different kinds of data. Results A total of 6 969 flies were captured from 2006 to 2015, with a mean density of 5.16 flies/cage. Of all the flies, the predominant species was Musca domestica, reaching 26.24%(1 829/6 969). The fly density was the highest in the greenbelts, followed by in residential areas, farm product markets and in restaurants. The seasonal peak of the fly mean density was in June based on 10-year data. Conclusion Community composition and seasonal density fluctuation of the fly in Changsha city were acquired. It is suggested to take integrated fly control measures and enhance long-term monitoring, according to the habits and characteristics of the fly and their seasonality.