Objective To determine the efficacy of chlorfenapyr bait to control Reticulitermes flaviceps and to provide new measure for the control of this species. Methods The filter- paper bait and cellulose bait were used to determine the toxicity of chlorfenapyr on the workers of R. flaviceps in indoor bioassay and the monitor-controlling device with a bag of chlorfenapyr bait was used to determine the lethal effect of chlorfenapyr on the colony of R. flaviceps in the field test. Results Chlorfenapyr had good toxic effect on the R. flaviceps workers at the concentrations of 31.25-500.00 mg/L and the workers of R. flaviceps died within 7-8 d in the choice test. At the same test period, the consumption of filter paper treated with 500.00 mg/L chlorfenapyr was 81.31% of the consumption amount of the filter paler treated with distilled water. In the field, 0.05% chlorfenapyr bait had good control effect on the colony of R. flaviceps. The colony of R. flaviceps was eliminated within 30-122 d when an average weight of 44.6 g bait was consumed. Conclusion The 0.05% chlorfenapyr bait effectively controlled the colony of R. flaviceps. It is suggested to apply chlorfenapyr bait to control R. flaviceps after further test in different areas.