Objective To investigate the population density of Aedes albopictus larvae and its resistance to commonly used insecticides, so as to provide scientific data for dengue vector mosquito control in Hubei province, China. Methods The density of Ae. albopictus larvae were monitored by Breteau index (BI) method from May to October in 2016, and WHO recommended method-bioassays were performed on the collected Ae. albopictus. With reference to the S-lab (a laboratory strain from National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention), insecticides resistance were tested with dipping method on larvae. Results The population density of Ae. albopictus throughout the year shows a high peak period from May to July, with the maximum index reaches 44.00 in June in Yichang city. The resistance indices were 2.50-15.00 against deltamethrin, 3.56-8.33 against beta-cypermethrin, 3.40-7.45 against permethrin, and 0.31-2.19 against temephos, respectively. Aedes albopictus at all four monitoring sites showed low resistance to beta-cypermethrin and permethrin, and was susceptible to temephos. As to deltamethrin, three sites showed moderate resistance except for the site in Jingzhou city which showed susceptible. Conclusion May to July is a key period for Ae. albopictus control. Integrated management should be adopted and the strategic use of insecticides should be considered to delay the development of resistance.