Objective To understand the infection and epidemiological characteristics of human Brucellosis in Shunyi district of Beijing, in 2010-2014, and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of the disease. Methods Rose-Bengal plate agglutination test were used for preliminary screening to 1 025 blood samples of Brucellosis high risk groups in Shunyi district from 2010 to 2014, and standard tube agglutination test were used for those preliminary screening positive blood samples to make a definite diagnosis for Brucellosis. Results A total of 35 cases were reported in 2010-2014, and there was an increasing trend during this period (χ²=15.002, P < 0.05); the percent of patients with Brucellosis for farmers was 51.43%, and there were 71.43% of cases that contacted with sheep or cattle before Brucellosis onset. Serological surveillance among 1 025 high dangerous populations was conducted in Shunyi, and there were 20 positive people of Brucellosis, that the positive rates was 1.95%, and there was a descending trend in 2010-2014 (χ²= 16.960, P < 0.05). The positive rates of direct contact with cattle and sheep were 4.37% and 0.54%, respectively, and there was a significant difference between those two groups (χ²=6.031, P < 0.05). The positive rates of rural area and rural-urban were 3.21% and 0.48% respectively, and there was a significant difference between those two groups (χ²=8.807, P < 0.05). Conclusion There was an increasing tendency for Brucellosis in Shunyi district, and the people with direct contact with cattle were the high risk population of Brucellosis, we should enhance surveillance and health education of prevention and control for the high risk populations of Brucellosis in Shunyi district.