Objective The study was conducted on Musca domestica for a better understanding of the distribution, density and seasonality, as well as the correlation between the M. domestica density and total flies density, thus providing basic evidence in fly control and prevention. Methods According to the National Vector Surveillance Guidelines (2005), three vector surveillance sites were selected in Tonghua. Fly-trap, using sugar-vinegar as baits, was placed at 09:00-10:00 and retrieved on 15:00-16:00 to determine the density of flies in four habitats: agricultural markets, restaurants, green belts and residence communities. Results Musca domestica was one of the predominant species in Tonghua, accounting for 15.91%-44.90% of all the collected flies. Musca domestica density reached highest in August. The proportion of M. domestica in the four habitats described previously were 48.03%, 61.07%, 4.40% and 10.03% respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between the density of M. domestica and that of the total flies with r=0.703, P<0.01. Conclusion Musca domestica populations can be an indicator of the total flies population. The critical period for controlling flies ranges from June to August when the fly density is very high. Musca domestica density is still high in residential environments in September, and prevention and control should be implemented.