Objective　To analyze the epidemic characteristics and current status of plague in Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for plague prevention and control in the future. Methods　As a national monitoring station, the plague surveillance was carried out in Hainan prefecture according to the “National Plague Surveillance Programs”. The plague surveillance reports and human plague epidemic reports in Hainan prefecture from 2007 to 2012 were collected and analyzed using the descriptive epidemiological methods. Results　Three positive canine serum samples were found in 2007 and 2009, four positive marmot serum samples and one positive corsac fox serum sample were found in 2010, and the serologic titers were as high as 1∶20 480. These findings revealed the continued emergence of animal plague in Hainan prefecture. There was an outbreak of human pneumonic plague in 2009 since the first plague reported 60 years ago in Xinghai county, Hainan prefecture, which indicated a high risk of plague transmission from animals to humans in this region. Conclusion　The animal plague epidemic is still active in Hainan prefecture, and the plague prevention and control face a great challenge in this area.