Objective To investigate the natural mortality in Meriones unguiculatusin Riverfront district Hongdunzi of Yinchuan, China, antigen test, antibody test, and isolation ofYersinia pestiswere performed on the carcasses of the rodents,ectoparasites, and quadrat samples, so as to find a quick detection method forY. pestis, and to provide a reliable laboratory basis for determination of animal epidemic area and epidemiological analysis of Y. pestis. Methods Yersinia pestiswas detected with the routine detection methods, colloidal gold method, and PCR. CIN medium and Y. pestis special medium were used in culture ofY. pestis. Results Yersinia pestiswas detected by colloidal gold antigen detection, PCR, and medium culture, while CIN color plate was an easier way in culture ofY. pestisand in reading of results. It is also time- and labor-saving.Conclusion Colloidal gold method and PCR detection should be adopted among the underprivileged health care units to save resources in the diagnosis of plague.