Objective To compare the results of fixed and mobile monitoring for optimizing the surveillance program for Aedes albopictus. Methods From May to October 2012, 5 fixed sites were selected for the larval population monitoring of Ae. albopictus; meanwhile, at least 7 villages were selected as mobile monitoring sites in each month. Fifty households were monitored in each village. The data at each monitoring site were collected, and the breteau index (BI), container index (CI), and house index (HI) were calculated. The monitoring data obtained by the two methods were subject to analysis of variance and correlation analysis. Results The average BI, CI, and HI at fixed monitoring sites were 5.20, 15.55%, and 4.53%, respectively. BI varied slightly in different months, but the value in October was significantly lower than those in other months. The average BIs in Jiulian of Jiangdong, Qingsu of Yiting, Jiangwan of Choujiang, Siqian of Houzhai, and Dongqianwang of Choucheng were 4.67, 2.33, 4.67, 8.00, and 6.33, respectively. The analysis of variance showed that the average BI at different fixed monitoring sites varied insignificantly from May to October. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed no significant correlation between the BIs in different months at each monitoring site. The average BIs at mobile monitoring sites from May to October were 5.43, 8.60, 2.00, 5.00, 1.60 and 1.64, respectively. In each month, the average BI at fixed monitoring sites was not significantly correlated with that at mobile monitoring sites. Conclusion Fixed monitoring can reflect the temporal change in the density of Ae. albopictus, and mobile monitoring can expand the monitored area and improve the representativeness of monitoring data. The two methods can be combined to improve the monitoring of Ae. albopictus.