Objective To investigate the breeding situation of mosquito larvae in the urban area of Shijiazhuang, China and to provide scientific evidence for mosquito control. Methods Direct observation was used to investigate the breeding of mosquitoes in small collected waters and container waters, and visual observation combined with scoop sampling were used to investigate the breeding of mosquitoes in large and medium-sized water bodies. Water containing mosquito larvae or mosquito larvae in water were collected and taken back to the laboratory to be classified. Results The mean positive rate was 10.94% in the large and medium-sized water bodies, such as square fountains, park landscape waters (artificial lake), and Minxin River, while 221 positive sites were found in 1120 small collected waters and container waters, with a mean positive rate of 19.73% (6.35%-38.46%). The dominant species were Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens, accounting for 42.74% and 35.55%, respectively. Conclusion Mosquito control strategy should be varied with the different chacateristics of various breeding places.