Objective To study the safety of compound sterilant CQ-1 in chickens. Methods Sterilant baits (0, 10, 15, and 20 mg/kg) were used to feed chickens for 10 consecutive days. All test chickens were dissected after 30 days of observation. The indices, such as general signs, food consumption, body weight, egg-laying rate, and organ coefficient, of the sterilant-fed chickens were recorded and compared with those of control group. The safety of compound sterilant CQ-1 for non-target animals was evaluated. Results No obvious abnormity was observed in any of the chickens fed with the sterilant. The control group had a maximum food consumption of 0.44±0.12 g/kg, and the 3 sterilant treatment groups had significantly less food consumption than the control group. The 20 mg/kg treatment group had a pure drug consumption of 4.20±1.44 μg/kg. The 3 sterilant treatment groups had temporary decreases in body weight, while the control group had a sustained increase in body weight. The egg-laying rate decreased in the 3 sterilant treatment groups, most (down 49.3%) in the 15 mg/kg treatment group. On days 41-50, the egg-laying rate rose and returned to normal in the 3 sterilant treatment groups. No abnormal organs were found in the 3 sterilant treatment groups after dissection, and there was no significant difference in organ coefficient between the treatment groups and the control group. Conclusion Compound sterilant CQ-1 has little toxicity to chickens. Chickens do not die after being fed with the sterilant at 20 mg/kg for 10 consecutive days. Although the body weight and egg-laying rate decrease temporarily in sterilant-fed chickens, the two indices can return to normal later.