Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in Jinhua, China from 2007 to 2012 and to provide the foundation for prevention and control of JE. Methods The data on JE was collected from the reporting system for JE, and the epidemiological characteristics of JE in Jinhua during 2007-2012 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results From 2007 to 2012, a total of 33 cases of JE were reported in Jinhua, and 1 case was fatal; the average incidence rate was 0.11/100 000. The cases were mainly distributed in cities of Yiwu, Dongyang and Yongkang. Thirty-two (96.97%) of all cases were aged under 15 years. The migrant population from other provinces accounted for 72.73% of all cases. The peak season was during July to August. No history of immunization was found in 84.85% of all patients. According to the vector surveillance, Culex pipiens pallens was the dominant species of mosquitoes, accounting for 63.73%. Conclusion From 2007 to 2012, the migrant children from other province, who had no history of immunization with JE, constituted a large proportion of JE cases in Jinhua. Therefore, effective JE control measures should be taken to reinforce the vaccination among migrant children and strengthen the personal protection against mosquitoes in migrant population. Meanwhile, the surveillance of mosquito vectors and reservoir hosts should be conducted.

Key words: Japanese encephalitis, Surveillance, Epidemiological characteristics

摘要：

目的 分析金华市2007－2012年流行性乙型脑炎（乙脑）流行病学特征，为控制乙脑提供科学依据。方法 利用乙脑专病报告系统数据，运用描述流行病学方法分析2007－2012年金华市乙脑发病流行病学特征。结果 2007－2012年全市共报告乙脑病例33例，死亡1例，平均发病率为0.11/10万；病例主要集中在义乌、东阳和永康市；<15岁儿童发病32例，占总病例数的96.97%；外省流动人口占总病例数的72.73%；时间集中发生在7、8月；84.85%的患者无明确免疫史，媒介监测绝对优势蚊种为淡色库蚊，占63.73%。结论 近6年金华市乙脑病例以外省无乙脑疫苗免疫史的流动儿童为主，因此提高流动儿童的乙脑疫苗接种率，加强对流动人口的自我防护教育是控制乙脑疫情的有效手段，同时应开展媒介蚊虫和宿主动物的监测。

关键词: 流行性乙型脑炎, 监测, 流行病学特征