Abstract:

Objective To determine the population density and dynamics of vectors in Baoshan district of Shanghai, providing the basis for epidemiological analysis of vector-borne diseases as well as vector control. Methods The rat density was monitored by night traps (using peanuts as baits), mosquito density by the labor hour method, fly density by cage traps and cockroach density by glue traps. Results From 2006 to 2008, 25 898 times of rat trap deployment was performed, resulting in 24 237 positive catches and 77 captured rats; the rodent density was 0.32%. With 5345 mosquitoes captured, the mosquito density was 9.28/labor-hour. The 540 fly-alluring cages had trapped 932 flies, and the fly density was 1.73/cage. A total of 6480 roach glue traps were placed and recovered, resulting in 448 positive traps and 3316 captives. The cockroach density was 0.51/trap, and the average infestation rate was 6.91%. Blattella germanica was the dominant species. Conclusion The focal targets for prevention and control in Baoshan district of Shanghai included Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, Culex pipiens pallens, Lucilia sericata, Musca domestica and B. germanica. To reduce the vector density, environment-centered integrated measures dependent on the breeding places, habitual traits and seasonal variation should be adopted.

Key words: Vector, Monitoring, Analysis, Seasonal fluctuation

摘要：

目的 了解宝山区病媒生物种群密度及其消长规律，为媒介疾病的流行病学分析和控制病媒生物的危害提供科学依据。方法 鼠密度监测采用夹夜法(诱饵用生花生米)；蚊类监测采用人工小时法；蝇类监测采用诱蝇笼诱捕法；蜚蠊监测采用粘蟑纸粘捕法。结果 2006－2008年共布放鼠夹25 898夹次，有效夹24 237夹次，捕鼠77只，鼠密度为0.32%；捕获蚊虫5345只，蚊密度为9.28只/人工小时；共布放诱蝇笼540个，捕获蝇类932只，平均蝇密度为1.73只/笼；布放并回收粘蟑纸6480张，其中阳性448张，捕获蜚蠊3316只，平均密度为0.51只/张，平均侵害率为6.91%，德国小蠊为优势种。结论 褐家鼠、小家鼠、淡色库蚊、丝光绿蝇、家蝇以及德国小蠊是宝山区防制的主要对象，要降低其密度，应根据它们的孳生、栖息习性及其季节消长特点，采取以环境治理为主的综合性防治措施。

关键词: 病媒生物, 监测, 分析, 季节消长