Abstract:

Objective　To evaluate the impact of the earthquake in Wenchuan on vector population and vector-borne diseases, and  to track  the  species, density  and  pathogen-carrying  conditions  of  vectors  in  the  area, providing  basis  for  risk assessment and development of control and prevention of vector-borne diseases. Methods　Visual observation was used to monitor the density of mosquitoes and flies, and rat density was traced through rat trails. Results　The density of mosquitoes, flies and rats reached 5.77 per labor hour, 0.46 per square meter and 0.81 positive dot per 2000 m, respectively. Seasonal fluctuation of mosquito and fly density suggested an upward trend from June to July, which peaked in July and declined afterward. The overall density of rats peaked in June followed by a subsequent decline. Conclusion　The overall density of mosquitoes, flies and rats was generally low, despite a few districts where the density exceeded reference indexes. Scientific and systematic monitoring of vectors in the earthquake-stricken areas played a guiding role in the control and prevention of vector-borne diseases and epidemic outbreaks of related infectious diseases.

Key words: Vectors, Density surveillance, Earthquake-stricken area

摘要：

目的　了解汶川大地震对灾区病媒生物及相关传染病产生的影响，及时掌握地震灾区病媒生物种类、密度及其带病毒（菌）情况，为做好病媒生物性疾病的风险评估，指导开展病媒生物和相关疾病的防控工作提供可靠依据。方法　蚊、蝇密度监测采用目测法，鼠密度监测采用鼠迹法。 结果　汶川地震灾区蚊、蝇、鼠总体密度分别为5.77只/人工小时、0.46只/m2和0.81处/2000 m；季节消长6－7月蚊、蝇总体密度呈现上升趋势，7月到达顶峰，之后呈下降趋势；鼠类总体密度6月最高，之后呈下降趋势。结论　蚊、蝇、鼠密度除个别区、县较高，超出杀虫参考指标以外，总体密度较低。通过开展科学、系统的病媒生物监测工作，有力地指导了灾区病媒生物的综合防治，防止了相关传染病的暴发流行。

关键词: 病媒生物, 密度监测, 地震灾区