Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effect of consolidation measures after(malaria's) almost dying out in Rizhao,Shandong province,and study the characteristic and rule of(malaria's) incidence,to provide basis for strategy of malaria control.Methods Prevention and cure measures to control contagion were put into practice.Malaria and skeptical cases were investigated in population.Secondary cases were prevented.Incidence of Malaria was investigated by random sample method with IFAT and density of vector was also investigated;Epidemic trend was analyzed.Results From 1989 to 2003,259 735 blood samples of patients who suffered from fever were examined,5 samples were positive and average positive rate was 0.19/10,000,annual incidence rate was 0-0.29/100,000.Blood samples of 4 279 patients who had ever been to malaria epidemic area were showed 4 positive,positive rate averaged 9.31/10,000.No endogenous cases was reported since 1992.15 641 residents was measured by IFAT without positive case;density of Anopheles kept in low level.Conclusion The consolidation measures of prevention and cure in area where malaria's almost dying out is effective.After local contagion was reduced,the diffusion of malaria is blocked,malaria epidemic tends to end.Prevention measures of malaria should be in the future simplified.

摘要： 目的 评价日照地区基本消灭疟疾后巩固对策和效果,探索疟疾发病特点和变化规律,为调整疟防措施提供依据。方法 实施以控制传染源为主的防制策略,在各类人群中开展疟疾病例侦查,防止继发病例;采用间接免疫荧光技术(IFAT)随机抽样调查居民患病情况和媒介密度;综合分析疟疾流行趋势。结果 1989～2003年血检发热病人259 735人次,检出疟原虫阳性者5例,平均阳性率为0.19/万,年发病率为0/10万～0.29/10万;血检往返高疟区疟疾可疑者4 279人,检出阳性者4例,平均阳性率为9.31/万;1992年以来未再发生内源性病例;居民疟疾抗体(IFAT)累计测定15 641人,未发现阳性者;按蚊密度维持在较低水平。结论 基本消灭疟疾的防制成果进一步巩固。当地残存传染源净化和消失后,疟疾在当地的传播被阻断,流行趋于终止。现行的疟防措施应适当简化。

关键词: 疟疾, 巩固对策, 流行趋势, 阻断传播