Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of animal plague in the Meriones unguiculatus plague foci of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR), China, so as to provide a scientific basis for plague prevention and control strategies.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the surveillance data on the density of M. unguiculatus, the number of vectors, etiology, and serology of M. unguiculatus in the plague foci of IMAR from 2018 to 2022.Results In the M. unguiculatus plague foci of IMAR from 2018 to 2022, the mean density of M. unguiculatus was 2.45 individuals/hm², the flea infestation rate of M. unguiculatus was 23.96%, and the flea index was 0.62. Yersinia pestis was isolated for five consecutive years. The Y. pestis detection rate of animals was 0.39%. The Y. pestis detection rate of vectors was 0.29%. The serological positive rate by indirect hemagglutination assay was 0.21%.Conclusions Plague was active in the M. unguiculatus plague foci of IMAR from 2018 to 2022. Routine surveillance should be strengthened to timely detect and control animal plague, so as to effectively reduce the intensity of animal plague and the risk of human plague.

Key words: Meriones unguiculatus plague focus, Plague, Epidemic characteristic

摘要： 目的分析内蒙古自治区（内蒙古）长爪沙鼠鼠疫疫源地（长爪沙鼠疫源地）内动物鼠疫流行特点,为制定鼠疫防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集2018－2022年内蒙古长爪沙鼠疫源地内长爪沙鼠密度、媒介数量、病原学和血清学监测数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果2018－2022年内蒙古长爪沙鼠疫源地长爪沙鼠平均密度为2.45只/hm²,长爪沙鼠染蚤率为23.96%、蚤指数为0.62,连续5年均分离出鼠疫耶尔森菌,动物检菌率为0.39%、媒介蚤检菌率为0.29%、间接血凝试验血清学阳性率为0.21%。结论2018－2022年内蒙古地区长爪沙鼠疫源地鼠疫流行活跃,仍需做好常规监测,及时发现并控制动物疫情,有效降低动物间鼠疫流行强度和人间鼠疫感染风险。

关键词: 长爪沙鼠鼠疫疫源地, 鼠疫, 流行特点