Ecological surveillance result of flies and resistance of Musca domestica to commonly used insecticides in Nanjing, China, 2022

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.05.010

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the population distribution and density of flies and the insecticide resistance levels of Musca domestica in Nanjing, China, so as to provide a basis for formulating scientific, rational, and effective prevention and control measures.Methods From March to November, 2022, the cage trapping method was used for fly ecological surveillance, and the topical application method was used to determine the insecticide resistance of M. domestica. The density and composition ratio of flies were calculated using Excel 2010. Using SPSS 23.0 software, a Probit regression analysis was performed to calculate the median lethal dose (LD₅₀), regression equation, and resistance ratio.Results M. domestica was the dominant species of flies in Nanjing in 2022, accounting for 21.85%. The average annual fly density was 2.94 flies/cage in Nanjing. Among the surveillance points, Liuhe District had the highest fly density of 8.85 flies/cage. Among different habitats, farmers' markets had the highest fly density of 3.44 flies/cage. Among different fly species, M. domestica showed the highest density in four habitats, which was 0.64 flies/cage. The fly density showed a unimodal pattern, which reached a peak in July at 5.95 flies/cage. For M. domestica, the LD₅₀ values of deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin, dichlorvos, phoxim, and propoxur were 0.172 7, 0.288 6, 0.145 2, 0.114 3, and 0.916 7 μg/individual, respectively; the resistance ratios were 863.50, 41.23, 242.00, 36.87, and 3.08, respectively.Conclusions M. domestica was the dominant fly species in Nanjing, with varying degrees of resistance to deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin, dichlorvos, and phoxim. The use of these four insecticides should be stopped or reduced, and some sensitive and low-resistance insecticides should be selected for rotation gradually.

Key words: Musca domestica, Density, Distribution, Insecticide resistance

摘要： 目的调查南京市蝇类种群分布、密度变化以及家蝇抗药性现状,为制定科学、合理、有效的防治措施提供依据。方法2022年3－11月采用笼诱法进行蝇类生态学监测,采用点滴法进行家蝇抗药性测定。通过Excel 2010计算蝇密度及构成比；采用SPSS 23.0软件进行Probit回归分析,计算半数致死剂量（LD₅₀）、回归方程和抗性倍数。结果2022年南京市捕获蝇类中家蝇为优势种群,占比为21.85%。南京市年平均蝇密度为2.94只/笼,不同监测点中,六合区蝇密度最高,为8.85只/笼；不同生境中,农贸市场蝇类密度最高,为3.44只/笼；不同种类中,家蝇在4种生境中分布最多,为0.64只/笼。蝇密度季节消长呈单峰型,7月达到峰值,为5.95只/笼。家蝇对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、敌敌畏、辛硫磷和残杀威的LD₅₀值分别为0.172 7、0.288 6、0.145 2、0.114 3和0.916 7 μg/只,抗性倍数分别为863.50、41.23、242.00、36.87和3.08。结论家蝇为南京市蝇类优势种群,已对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、敌敌畏和辛硫磷产生不同程度抗性,应停止或减少这4种杀虫剂的使用,科学合理地选择一些敏感性、低抗性的杀虫剂逐渐换用、轮用。

关键词: 家蝇, 密度, 分布, 抗药性

CLC Number:

SONG Bing-dong, ZHANG Yan, MIN Yue, CHEN Xue-min, CHEN Hang, SUN Nan, LU Mo-yuan, WANG Chong, ZHANG Shou-gang. Ecological surveillance result of flies and resistance of Musca domestica to commonly used insecticides in Nanjing, China, 2022[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2023, 34(5): 637-641.

宋丙栋, 张艳, 闵玥, 陈学敏, 陈航, 孙楠, 陆墨原, 王冲, 张守刚. 南京市2022年蝇类生态学监测及家蝇对常用杀虫剂的抗药性调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2023, 34(5): 637-641.

References

[1] Liu QY. The impacts of climate change on vector-borne diseases[J]. Chin J Hyg Insect Equip,2013,19（1）:1-7,12. DOI:10.19821/j.1671-2781.2013.01.001.（in Chinese）刘起勇. 气候变化对媒介生物性传染病的影响[J]. 中华卫生杀虫药械,2013,19（1）:1-7,12. DOI:10.19821/j.1671-2781.2013.01.001.
[2] Chen D,Zhang RL,Liu J,et al. Advances in the study of pathogens carried by flies[J]. J Pathog Biol,2016,11（8）:765-768. DOI:10.13350/j.cjpb.160821.（in Chinese）陈丹,张瑞玲,刘婧,等. 蝇类携带病原体研究进展[J]. 中国病原生物学杂志,2016,11（8）:765-768. DOI:10.13350/j.cjpb.160821.
[3] Wu YY,Liu QM,Wang JN,et al. Resistance of Musca domestica to commonly used insecticides in Zhejiang province,China,2021[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2023,34（1）:26-30. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.01.005.（in Chinese）吴瑜燕,刘钦梅,王金娜,等. 2021年浙江省家蝇对常见卫生杀虫剂的抗药性研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2023,34（1）:26-30. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.01.005.
[4] Liu HX,Leng PE,Liu Y,et al. Insecticide resistance tendency of Aedes albopictus and Musca domestica in Shanghai,China from 2015-2019[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2020,31（2）:137-142. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.02.004.（in Chinese）刘洪霞,冷培恩,刘曜,等. 上海地区2015－2019年白纹伊蚊和家蝇的抗药性发展动态[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2020,31（2）:137-142. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020. 02.004.
[5] Shi JJ,Lyu MJ,Yuan ZL,et al. Surveillance on flies and insecticide resistance of Musca domestica in Zhengzhou in 2021[J]. Chin J Hyg Insect Equip,2022,28（5）:399-402. DOI:10.19821/j.1671-2781.2022.05.004.（in Chinese）师佳佳,吕明洁,袁中良,等. 2021年郑州市蝇类监测及家蝇抗药性调查[J]. 中华卫生杀虫药械,2022,28（5）:399-402. DOI:10.19821/j.1671-2781.2022.05.004.
[6] Wang D,Chen ZQ,Luo CM,et al. An investigation of insecticide resistance of Musca domestica in Bijie and Fuquan of Guizhou province,China,2018[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2019,30（6）:618-620. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2019.06.005.（in Chinese）王丹,陈仲权,罗灿美,等. 贵州省毕节和福泉市2018年家蝇抗药性调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2019,30（6）:618-620. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2019.06.005.
[7] Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. National vector surveillance implementation plan [Z]. Beijing:Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,2016. （in Chinese）中国疾病预防控制中心. 全国病媒生物监测实施方案[Z]. 北京:中国疾病预防控制中心,2016.
[8] General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. GB/T 26350-2010 Test methods of fly resistance to insecticides-Bioassay methods forMusca domestica[S]. Beijing:Standards Press of China,2011. （in Chinese）中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会. GB/T 26350－2010蝇类抗药性检测方法家蝇生物测定法[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
[9] National Cooperation Group on Resistance and Control of Housefly. Current situation and control of resistance of housefly in China[J]. Chin J Public Health （Grassr Vers）,1986,3 Suppl:S1-5. （in Chinese）全国家蝇抗性与防治协作组. 我国家蝇抗药性的现状及防治[J]. 中国公共卫生（基层版）,1986,3增刊:1-5.
[10] Liu H,Wu ZM,Yang WF,et al. Resistance of Culex pipiens pallens,Musca domestic and Blattella germanic to commonly-used insecticides in Taixing[J]. Mod Prev Med,2015,42（18）:3388-3391. （in Chinese）刘慧,吴治明,杨维芳,等. 泰兴市淡色库蚊、家蝇和德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性研究[J]. 现代预防医学,2015,42（18）:3388-3391.
[11] Zhang SG,Song BD,Zhang Y,et al. Analysis of vector surveillance in Nanjing before and during the COVID-19 epidemic[J]. Chin J Hyg Insect Equip,2022,28（6）:500-504. DOI:10.19821/j.1671-2781.2022.06.006.（in Chinese）张守刚,宋丙栋,张艳,等. 新冠疫情前后南京市病媒生物监测分析[J]. 中华卫生杀虫药械,2022,28（6）:500-504. DOI:10.19821/j.1671-2781.2022.06.006.
[12] Ma M,Lei S,Ma X,et al. Surveillance of fly population and insecticide resistance of Musca domestica in Ningbo,Zhejiang province,China,2019[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2020,31（5）:565-570. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.05.013.（in Chinese）马敏,雷松,马晓,等. 浙江省宁波市2019年蝇类监测及家蝇抗药性研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2020,31（5）:565-570. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.05.013.
[13] Li GS,Pang ST,Lei XG,et al. Investigation on fly infestation of urban areas of Xi’an in summer of 2019[J]. J Torp Med,2021,21（12）:1605-1608. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-3619.2021. 12.024.（in Chinese）李广帅,庞松涛,雷晓岗,等. 2019年夏季西安市城镇蝇类侵害状况调查[J]. 热带医学杂志,2021,21（12）:1605-1608. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-3619.2021.12.024.
[14] Wang XS,Wu HX,Liu QY. National surveillance report on flies in China,2019[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2020,31（4）:407-411. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.04.005.（in Chinese）王雪霜,吴海霞,刘起勇. 2019年全国蝇类监测报告[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2020,31（4）:407-411. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.04.005.
[15] Sontigun N,Sukontason KL,Klong-Klaew T,et al. Bionomics of the oriental latrine fly Chrysomya megacephala （Fabricius）（Diptera:Calliphoridae）:Temporal fluctuation and reproductive potential[J]. Parasit Vectors,2018,11（1）:415. DOI:10.1186/s13071-018-2986-2.
[16] Chen XM,Liu Q,Zhou LC,et al. An investigation of resistance of Musca domestica to commonly used insecticides in Wuhan,China,2009-2015[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2021,32（4）:468-471. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.04.017.（in Chinese）陈晓敏,刘芹,周良才,等. 武汉市2009－2015年家蝇对常用杀虫剂的抗药性调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2021,32（4）:468-471. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.04.017.
[17] Zhang J,Lu CH,Zong LL,et al. Resistance of Musca domestica to commonly used insecticides in Yangpu district of Shanghai[J]. China Trop Med,2021,21（8）:800-803. DOI:10.13604/j.cnki.46-1064/r.2021.08.17.（in Chinese）张杰,陆崇华,纵利利,等. 上海市杨浦区家蝇对常用杀虫剂的抗药性研究[J]. 中国热带医学,2021,21（8）:800-803. DOI:10.13604/j.cnki.46-1064/r.2021.08.17.
[18] Wang C,Xiong LL,Ge M,et al. Investigation on resistance of Musca domestica to common insecticides in Nanjing[J]. Jiangsu Health Care,2012,14（6）:1-2. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-7338.2012.06.001.（in Chinese）王冲,熊丽林,葛明,等. 南京市常用杀虫剂家蝇抗性调查[J]. 江苏卫生保健,2012,14（6）:1-2. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-7338.2012.06.001.
[19] Xu Q,Wang C,Gong XZ,et al. Investigation and countermeasures on drug resistance of Musca domestica in Nanjing[J]. Jiangsu J Prev Med,2008,19（2）:47-48. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9070.2008.02.028.（in Chinese）徐庆,王冲,龚孝忠,等. 南京地区家蝇抗药性的调查与对策[J]. 江苏预防医学,2008,19（2）:47-48. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9070.2008.02.028.