Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the species, composition, density, distribution, and seasonal fluctuation of flies in Fengxian District, Shanghai, China, so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control of flies in Fengxian District. Methods: The fly surveillance data in Fengxian District, Shanghai from 2011 to 2021 were collected, and Excel 2013 was used to summarize and analyze of the data. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to compare the density of flies in different habitats. Results: From 2011 to 2016, there was no significant change in the population density of flies in Fengxian District, ranging from 0.50 to 1.02 flies per cage of average annual density. In 2017 and 2018, the density of flies (1.76 and 5.25 flies per cage, respectively) increased significantly, by 70.87% and 409.71%, respectively, compared with 1.03 flies per cage in 2015. The fly density decreased year by year in 2019 and 2020, and increased in 2021, second only to the peak density in 2018. A total of 2 996 adult flies were captured, with an average density of 2.02 flies per cage. Muscina stabulans was the main species (accounting for 31.38%), followed by Boettcherisca peregrina (accounting for 28.64%). The flies density in large-scale green belts was highest with 2.32 flies per cage. The density of flies reached its peak in June, dropped sharply from July to August, and steadily decreased from September to November. Conclusions: There are more flies in large-scale green belts of Fengxian District, and the fly density peaks in June. The critical period to prevent fly-borne diseases is before June. Relevant departments in Fengxian District should raise and strengthen awareness of fly control. The environment management of large-scale green belt should be strengthened to reduce the breeding environment of flies.

Key words: Flies, Surveillance, Population density, Species composition, Seasonal fluctuation

摘要：

目的: 掌握上海市奉贤区蝇的种类、构成、密度、分布及季节消长规律，为奉贤区蝇类防制提供依据。方法: 收集2011－2021年上海市奉贤区蝇类监测数据，采用Excel 2013软件对监测数据进行汇总和统计分析。不同生境蝇密度比较采用Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验。结果: 2011－2016年奉贤区蝇类种群密度无明显变化，年平均密度为0.50~1.02只/笼，2017和2018年蝇密度升高明显（1.76和5.25只/笼），较2015年（1.03只/笼）分别增加70.87%和409.71%；2019和2020年蝇密度呈下降趋势，2021年蝇密度上升，仅次于2018年最高峰时的密度；累计捕获成蝇2 996只，平均密度为2.02只/笼；蝇种数量以厩腐蝇为主（占比31.38%），其次为棕尾别麻蝇（占比28.64%）；大型绿化带蝇密度最高，为2.32只/笼；全年蝇密度6月达到高峰，7－8月密度陡然下降，9－11月密度平稳下降。结论: 奉贤区大型绿化带蝇类较多，6月是蝇类密度高峰期，预防蝇类传染疾病的关键时期在6月前，相关部门应加强蝇类防制意识，加强大型绿化带环境管理，减少蝇类孳生。

关键词: 蝇类, 监测, 种群密度, 种类构成, 季节消长